促进医疗创新实现全球健康目标

促进医疗创新实现全球健康目标

This September will mark the end of the U.N. Millennium¹ Development Goals and the beginning of the Sustainable Development Goals. One of the proposed 17 goals calls for ensuring healthy lives and promoting wellbeing for all. One NGO said achieving that will require innovation.

今年9月份标志着联合国千年发展目标的结束和可持续发展目标的开始，所提议的17个目标中有一个是确保所有人的健康生活和福祉，一家非盈利组织称实现这一目标需要创新。

The international non-profit organization PATH has released its Innovation Countdown 2030 report. PATH Senior Program Officer Claudia Harner-Jay said the report highlights proven or promising² medical technologies.

国际非盈利组织帕斯(PATH)发布了《创新倒计时2030年报告》，该组织资深项目主管克劳迪娅称该报告强调了已被验证的或有前途的医疗技术。

“It is a PATH-led initiative that’s working to create a platform to identify and assess and then showcase high-impact innovations that can accelerate progress towards these new global health goals that are included in the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.”

“这是帕斯领导下的项目，该项目努力建造一个平台来识别、评估和展示有深远影响力的创新，这些创新能加快实现联合国可持续发展目标中这些新的全球健康目标。”

The technologies include drugs, devices, vaccines⁴ and diagnostics.

这些技术包括药物、设备、疫苗和诊断技术。

“Are we talking big money? Well, we’re talking, I think, big innovations. I think it really depends on where they are in the stage of development. So, there are vaccines that are showcased, for example, that still need a lot of development dollars to move forward. There are also later stage innovations that still have challenges in really getting out there for true impact,” she said.

“我们谈论的是大笔资金吗？我们谈论的是重大的创新，我想这要取决于它们处于开发的哪个阶段。比如说这些已经被展示的疫苗仍需大量的开发资金来继续推进，还有一些处于后期创新的技术在产生切实影响方面仍面临挑战。”

Harner-Jay said one of the technologies featured in the report is a small-scale water treatment device.

克劳迪娅说这份报告中提到的一项技术是一个小型水处理设备。

“There’s an innovation that’s highlighted there called the Zimba, which is an automated⁵ batch⁶ chlorinator that was actually developed in India. And it’s a rugged⁷ device that sits directly on a hand pump or community tap that than can automatically chlorinate water.”

“报告中强调的一个创新名叫Zimba，这是个自动批处理氯化器，是在印度开发的，这种简单的设备能直接安装在手动泵或社区水龙头上，能自动地对水进行氯化处理。”

There are 30 innovations listed in the PATH report, such as neonatal resuscitators to help newborns breathe better; hand-held blood pressure devices to detect possible complications when a woman gives birth; and new formulations of the powerful pain medication oxytocin to control bleeding after childbirth.

帕斯的这份报告中提到30项创新，比如帮助新生儿更好呼吸的新生儿人工呼吸器，诊断妇女分娩时可能的并发症的手持血压设备，以及控制分娩后出血的强效止痛药催产素的新配方。

She said, “We conducted health impact modeling for a select number of innovations in the maternal⁸ and child, newborn health space this year. And we used key model drivers, like coverage⁹, and the availability and use of an innovation in a given setting – and then also effectiveness. And then we also estimated the lives saved based on a number of assumptions that again relate to how an individual seeks care, obtains that health care innovation and so on.”

她说，“我们今年对母婴和新生儿健康空间方面的多个创新项目进行了健康影响建模，我们使用关键的建模驱动，比如覆盖率、可获得性和一定环境下对创新的使用，以及有效性。然后评估基于与个人如何寻求医护、获得医疗创新等多种假设来评估所拯救的生命。”

PATH also highlighted HIV, malaria¹⁰ and TB vaccine³ candidates; rapid TB diagnosis¹¹ tests; training lower-level health workers to diagnose and treat diabetes¹² and portable and affordable¹³ screening for such eye problems as cataracts¹⁴ and glaucoma. There’s also something called a uterine balloon tamponade.

帕斯还强调了艾滋病毒、疟疾和肺结核候选疫苗，快速的肺结核诊断测试，培训低端医疗工作者来诊断和治疗糖尿病，以及用便携式、廉价筛选设备来诊断白内障和青光眼等眼疾，同时还包括所谓的子宫球囊填塞。

Harner-Jay said, “That is a simple low cost kit¹⁵ that consists of a condom that’s tied to a catheter and then it’s inflated¹⁶ with clean water through a syringe and a one-way valve. And that again is used to manage post-partum hemorrhage, which is the leading cause of maternal death.”

克劳迪娅说，“这是一款简单的廉价装置，包括一个连接到导管的安全套，然后使用注射器和单向阀，用清洁水使之膨胀，这个设备也用来对付产后出血，而产后出血是产妇死亡的主要原因。”

The U.N. Summit to adopt the post-2015 development agenda will be held from September 25th through the 27th.

联合国峰会将从9月25日到27日之间举行，峰会将采纳这份后2015发展议程。

“We actually look at innovations that can accelerate progress towards the Sustainable Development Goal number three, ensuring healthy lives and promoting well-being¹⁷ for all ages. And then the very specific health targets are pretty much mortality end points. So, they include things like reducing global maternal mortality by less than 70 deaths per 100,000 live births – or ending preventable deaths of newborns and children under five,” she said.

“我们会着重于那些能加速实现可持续发展目标Ⅲ的创新项目，确保各个年龄段的人都能健康生活并促进他们的福祉。还有一些非常具体的健康目标是终结死亡，所以这些目标包括，将全球产妇死亡率降低到每安全出生1000个婴儿，产妇死亡案例不超过70个，以及终结新生儿和5岁以下儿童的可预防死亡。”

 

Harner-Jay said PATH is engaging entrepreneurs, investors¹⁸, innovators and experts to raise awareness¹⁹ about health innovations and get them on the market. She said while 30 innovations are highlighted in the report, many others were submitted to PATH. The organization intends to feature them through what’s called an Internet data visualization²⁰ tool to allow the public to see them and understand how they work.

克劳迪娅说帕斯正与企业家、投资者、创新者和专家们合作提高医疗创新的意识并将创新技术推向市场，她说尽管这份报告只强调了30个创新项目，事实上向帕斯提交的项目还有很多。该组织希望在所谓互联网数据可视化工具中展示这些项目，从而让公众能了解并理解其工作原理。

1 millennium   

n.一千年，千禧年；太平盛世

参考例句：

• The whole world was counting down to the new millennium.全世界都在倒计时迎接新千年的到来。
• We waited as the clock ticked away the last few seconds of the old millennium.我们静候着时钟滴答走过千年的最后几秒钟。

2 promising   

adj.有希望的，有前途的

参考例句：

• The results of the experiments are very promising.实验的结果充满了希望。
• We're trying to bring along one or two promising young swimmers.我们正设法培养出一两名有前途的年轻游泳选手。

3 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

4 vaccines   

疫苗，痘苗( vaccine的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His team are at the forefront of scientific research into vaccines. 他的小组处于疫苗科研的最前沿。
• The vaccines were kept cool in refrigerators. 疫苗放在冰箱中冷藏。

5 automated   

a.自动化的

参考例句：

• The entire manufacturing process has been automated. 整个生产过程已自动化。
• Automated Highway System (AHS) is recently regarded as one subsystem of Intelligent Transport System (ITS). 近年来自动公路系统(Automated Highway System,AHS)，作为智能运输系统的子系统之一越来越受到重视。

6 batch   

n.一批(组，群)；一批生产量

参考例句：

• The first batch of cakes was burnt.第一炉蛋糕烤焦了。
• I have a batch of letters to answer.我有一批信要回复。

7 rugged   

adj.高低不平的，粗糙的，粗壮的，强健的

参考例句：

• Football players must be rugged.足球运动员必须健壮。
• The Rocky Mountains have rugged mountains and roads.落基山脉有崇山峻岭和崎岖不平的道路。

8 maternal   

adj.母亲的，母亲般的，母系的，母方的

参考例句：

• He is my maternal uncle.他是我舅舅。
• The sight of the hopeless little boy aroused her maternal instincts.那个绝望的小男孩的模样唤起了她的母性。

9 coverage   

n.报导，保险范围，保险额，范围，覆盖

参考例句：

• There's little coverage of foreign news in the newspaper.报纸上几乎没有国外新闻报道。
• This is an insurance policy with extensive coverage.这是一项承保范围广泛的保险。

10 malaria   

n.疟疾

参考例句：

• He had frequent attacks of malaria.他常患疟疾。
• Malaria is a kind of serious malady.疟疾是一种严重的疾病。

11 diagnosis   

n.诊断，诊断结果，调查分析，判断

参考例句：

• His symptoms gave no obvious pointer to a possible diagnosis.他的症状无法作出明确的诊断。
• The engineer made a complete diagnosis of the bridge's collapse.工程师对桥的倒塌做一次彻底的调查分析。

12 diabetes   

n.糖尿病

参考例句：

• In case of diabetes, physicians advise against the use of sugar.对于糖尿病患者，医生告诫他们不要吃糖。
• Diabetes is caused by a fault in the insulin production of the body.糖尿病是由体內胰岛素分泌失调引起的。

13 affordable   

adj.支付得起的，不太昂贵的

参考例句：

• The rent for the four-roomed house is affordable.四居室房屋的房租付得起。
• There are few affordable apartments in big cities.在大城市中没有几所公寓是便宜的。

14 cataracts   

n.大瀑布( cataract的名词复数 )；白内障

参考例句：

• The rotor cataracts water over the top of the machines. 回转轮将水从机器顶上注入。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
• Cataracts of rain flooded the streets. 倾盆大雨弄得街道淹水。 来自辞典例句

15 kit   

n.用具包，成套工具；随身携带物

参考例句：

• The kit consisted of about twenty cosmetic items.整套工具包括大约20种化妆用品。
• The captain wants to inspect your kit.船长想检查你的行装。

16 inflated   

adj.（价格）飞涨的；（通货）膨胀的；言过其实的；充了气的v.使充气（于轮胎、气球等）( inflate的过去式和过去分词 )；（使）膨胀；（使）通货膨胀；物价上涨

参考例句：

• He has an inflated sense of his own importance. 他自视过高。
• They all seem to take an inflated view of their collective identity. 他们对自己的集体身份似乎都持有一种夸大的看法。 来自《简明英汉词典》

17 well-being   

n.安康，安乐，幸福

参考例句：

• He always has the well-being of the masses at heart.他总是把群众的疾苦挂在心上。
• My concern for their well-being was misunderstood as interference.我关心他们的幸福，却被误解为多管闲事。

18 investors   

n.投资者，出资者( investor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• a con man who bilked investors out of millions of dollars 诈取投资者几百万元的骗子
• a cash bonanza for investors 投资者的赚钱机会

19 awareness   

n.意识，觉悟，懂事，明智

参考例句：

• There is a general awareness that smoking is harmful.人们普遍认识到吸烟有害健康。
• Environmental awareness has increased over the years.这些年来人们的环境意识增强了。

20 visualization   

n.想像，设想

参考例句：

• In 2D visualization and drawing applications, vertical and horizontal scrolling are common. 在二维的可视化及绘图应用中，垂直和水平滚动非常普遍。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓
• Ophthalmoscopy affords the only opportunity for direct visualization of blood vessels. 检眼镜检查法提供直接观察血管的唯一机会。