美国国家公共电台 NPR 日本决定将福岛巨量核废水倒入太平洋

Japan announced today that it will dump millions of gallons of radioactive water from the damaged Fukushima nuclear plant into the Pacific Ocean. Local fishermen, environmental groups and neighboring countries all protested the move. As NPR's Anthony Kuhn reports from Seoul, discharging the water and cleaning up the wrecked¹ plant will take at least decades.

今天，日本宣布将向太平洋排放受损福岛核电站中的数百万加仑放射性污水。当地渔民、环保组织以及周边国家都对此举表示抗议。据NPR新闻的安东尼·库恩从首尔带来的报道，排放污水和清理受损核电站的工作至少需要数十年时间才能完成。

ANTHONY KUHN, BYLINE²: Announcing the government's decision, Prime Minister Yoshihide Suga claimed that the government's plan is realistic and pledged that its handling of the water would exceed safety standards.

安东尼·库恩连线：日本首相菅义伟在宣布政府的决定时表示，政府的计划是现实的，并承诺排放污水会达到安全标准。

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PRIME MINISTER YOSHIHIDE SUGA: (Speaking Japanese).

日本首相菅义伟：（用日语讲话）。

KUHN: "Discharging the treated water is an unavoidable issue," he said, "in the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant."

库恩：他表示，“在福岛第一核电站的停用过程中，排放处理过的污水是无法避免的事项。”

The government says the water will be treated before being released gradually. It'll start in two years and continue for decades. Haruo Kurasawa is a Tokyo-based science journalist. He says that the decision represents a consensus³ within the Japanese and international establishments.

日本政府表示，污水将在逐步排放之前进行处理。排放过程将于两年后启动，预计持续数十年。仓泽治雄是驻东京的科学记者。他表示，这一决定代表了日本和国际机构的共识。

HARUO KURASAWA: (Through translator) At this point, we have no choice but to release the treated water. This is the general perception of researchers, the government and nuclear regulators.

仓泽治雄：（通过翻译）目前，我们别无选择，只能排放处理过的污水。这是研究人员、政府和核监管机构的普遍看法。

KUHN: The water was used to cool reactors⁴ at the Fukushima plant since it was wrecked by the 2011 earthquake and tsunami⁵. There's also contaminated groundwater. It's been stored in huge tanks at the plant. But the plant's operator, the Tokyo Electric Power Company, or TEPCO, says they'll run out of space next year. Kurasawa says that while dumping the water in the ocean is problematic, there are no other great options.

库恩：福岛核电站在2011年发生的地震和海啸中受损之后，这些污水一直被用来冷却反应堆。地震和海啸还造成地下水被污染。这些污水被储存在核电站的储存罐里。但核电站的运营者东京电力公司表示，储存罐容量将在明年到达上限。仓泽治雄表示，虽然向海里排放污水这种做法本身存在问题，但没有其他更好的选择。

KURASAWA: (Through translator) It's also not desirable to keep the water in tanks and place them so close to where people live.

仓泽治雄：（通过翻译）将污水存在储存罐中，放在离人们居住地过近的地方也是不可取的做法。

KUHN: TEPCO initially⁶ argued that treating the water removed all radioactive contaminants except for tritium, which some scientists say is only harmful in large doses. But Ayumi Fukakusa, a campaigner at Friends of Earth Japan, a Tokyo-based NGO, says TEPCO has created mistrust by withholding⁷ information in the past.

库恩：东京电力公司最初认为，处理这些污水可以去除除氚以外的所有放射性污染物，有些科学家称氚只有在含量高的情况下才有害。但东京非政府组织“日本地球之友”的活动人士Ayumi Fukakusa表示，东京电力公司此前曾隐瞒信息，造成了不信任。

AYUMI FUKAKUSA: It turned out that the water contains more than tritium, some more radioactive materials that also in the water. But they didn't disclose that information before.

AYUMI FUKAKUSA：事实证明，污水中不仅含有氚，还含有一些放射性物质。但他们之前没有透露这些信息。

KUHN: Japanese media say that as recently as February, shipments of black rockfish from Fukushima had to be halted after samples were found to contain unsafe levels of another radioactive contaminant, cesium. Fukakusa also accuses Japan's government of ignoring the voices of its citizens.

库恩：日本媒体报道称，就在今年2月，福岛的黑石斑鱼不得不停止装运，原因是其样品被发现铯含量超标，铯也是放射性污染物。Fukakusa还指责日本政府无视其公民的声音。

FUKAKUSA: The process of decision-making is quite undemocratic. The government and TEPCO said that, without consent from the fishing communities, they won't discharge the contaminated water. But that promise was completely broken.

FUKAKUSA：决策过程相当不民主。政府和东京电力公司曾表示，未经渔业同意，他们不会排放污水。但他们完全违背了这一承诺。

KUHN: Last week, Prime Minister Suga met with Hiroshi Kishi, president of Japan's National Federation⁸ of Fisheries Cooperatives, to try to get the group's support for dumping the water. Kishi spoke⁹ to reporters afterwards.

库恩：上周，首相菅义伟会见了日本全国渔业工会联合会岸宏，以试图争取该组织对排放污水的支持。岸宏在会谈结束后接受了记者采访。

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HIROSHI KISHI: (Speaking Japanese).

岸宏：（用日语讲话）。

KUHN: "Our opposition¹⁰ to the move will never change, not even one bit," he said. "It's important for the government to handle this matter responsibly."

库恩：他表示，“我们对这一举措的反对意见永远不会改变，一点也不会改变。政府负责任地处理这件事非常重要。”

Neighboring South Korea called Japan's decision to dump the water a potential threat to its citizens health and environment. China called it extremely irresponsible. The U.S. State Department commented in a statement that Japan's approach appears to be in line with global standards.

邻国韩国表示，日本排放污水的决定对本国公民的健康和环境构成潜在威胁。中国称其极不负责任。美国国务院在一份声明中评论称，日本的做法似乎符合全球标准。

Anthony Kuhn, NPR News, Seoul.

NPR新闻，安东尼·库恩首尔报道。

1 wrecked   

adj.失事的，遇难的

参考例句：

• the hulk of a wrecked ship 遇难轮船的残骸
• the salvage of the wrecked tanker 对失事油轮的打捞

2 byline   

n.署名；v.署名

参考例句：

• His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
• We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。

3 consensus   

n.(意见等的)一致，一致同意，共识

参考例句：

• Can we reach a consensus on this issue?我们能在这个问题上取得一致意见吗？
• What is the consensus of opinion at the afternoon meeting?下午会议上一致的意见是什么？

4 reactors   

起反应的人( reactor的名词复数 )； 反应装置； 原子炉； 核反应堆

参考例句：

• The TMI nuclear facility has two reactors. 三哩岛核设施有两个反应堆。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法
• The earliest production reactors necessarily used normal uranium as fuel. 最早为生产用的反应堆，必须使用普通铀作为燃料。

5 tsunami   

n.海啸

参考例句：

• Powerful quake sparks tsunami warning in Japan.大地震触发了日本的海啸预警。
• Coastlines all around the Indian Ocean inundated by a huge tsunami.大海啸把印度洋沿岸地区都淹没了。

6 initially   

adv.最初，开始

参考例句：

• The ban was initially opposed by the US.这一禁令首先遭到美国的反对。
• Feathers initially developed from insect scales.羽毛最初由昆虫的翅瓣演化而来。

7 withholding   

扣缴税款

参考例句：

• She was accused of withholding information from the police. 她被指控对警方知情不报。
• The judge suspected the witness was withholding information. 法官怀疑见证人在隐瞒情况。

8 federation   

n.同盟，联邦，联合，联盟，联合会

参考例句：

• It is a federation of 10 regional unions.它是由十个地方工会结合成的联合会。
• Mr.Putin was inaugurated as the President of the Russian Federation.普京正式就任俄罗斯联邦总统。

9 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

10 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。