美国国家公共电台 NPR 埃塞俄比亚政府宣布单方面停火 人道主义危机加剧

Ethiopia's government declared a unilateral cease-fire this week after nearly eight months of fighting in the country's north.

本周，埃塞俄比亚政府宣布单方面停火，此前政府军已在该国北部地区进行了近8个月的战斗。

The opposing force in that civil war, the Tigray People's Liberation Front, or TPLF, has recaptured the regional capital at the center of the fighting.

在这场内战中与政府对抗的是提格雷人民解放阵线（简称TPLF），后者已夺回这场战斗的中心——地区首府。

And the group has dismissed the government's cease-fire, claiming to have crushed government forces instead.

该组织驳回了政府的停火声明，并称他们已经击败了政府军。

Meanwhile, the humanitarian¹ crisis in Ethiopia is worsening. The U.N. projects a third of a million people are facing famine.

与此同时，埃塞俄比亚的人道主义危机正在恶化。联合国预测，该国有超过33万人正面临饥荒。

And a bridge that's critical to delivering food to the region has just been destroyed.

一座对向该地区运送粮食至关重要的桥梁刚刚被摧毁。

Joining us to talk more about this is Samuel Getachew, a freelance journalist based in Ethiopia's capital. Welcome to ALL THINGS CONSIDERED.

下面驻埃塞俄比亚首都的自由记者塞缪尔·格塔丘将和我们连线并带来详细报道。欢迎做客《全盘考虑》节目。

Thank you.

谢谢。

In his first public remarks since the cease-fire,

埃塞俄比亚总理阿比·艾哈迈德在停火后的首次公开讲话中表示，

Ethiopia's prime minister Abiy Ahmed said his government's troops initiated² a tactical withdrawal³ from the regional capital Mekelle

埃塞俄比亚政府军已开始从该地区的首府默克莱战术撤队，

because the city is no longer the center of gravity in this conflict, he said.

因为该市不再是这场冲突的中心。

Now, as we mentioned, the TPLF has rejected the cease-fire and says they forced government troops to flee.

我们刚才提到，提格雷人民解放阵线拒绝停火，并称他们已迫使政府军逃离。

So what can you tell us about how to resolve these conflicting remarks?

你能告诉我们如何解决这些相互冲突的言论吗？

Well, if you speak to the Ethiopian government, they will tell you that they are giving humanitarian corridors a chance

如果你采访埃塞俄比亚政府讲话，他们会告诉你，他们将给人道主义走廊一个机会，

because, again, according to the U.N., lots of people are facing famine.

因为联合国称有很多人再次面临饥荒。

But if you speak to the TPLF side, which is in Mekelle now, as you mentioned,

但是如果你采访目前在默克莱市的提格雷人民解放阵线，

they're saying that they did defeat the coalition⁴ between the Ethiopian side, the Eritrean and the Amharas from the south.

他们会说他们确实击败了由埃塞俄比亚政府军、厄立特里亚和南方部落昂哈拉组成的联盟。

So, again, it depends on who you speak to.

因此，这也取决于和你对话的是哪一方。

The upshot is we really don't know which one is true.

结果是我们真的不知道哪种说法是真的。

Exactly. And, you know, for a better part of the conflict, people like myself — we did not have access to the region.

没错。而且，在冲突较为缓和的地区，像我这样的记者没有机会进入。

So we were really late by the time we went to the region and trying to verify all this information.

我们进入该地区并试图核实所有这些信息的时间过晚。

So everything we're receiving contradicts what we've received previously⁵. So we are working on it.

因此，我们得到的所有信息都与我们此前了解到的相矛盾。我们正在努力弄清真相。

This is a unilateral government cease-fire in a war that has already killed many thousands over months.

政府单方面宣布停火，这场战争在数月内造成了数千人死亡。

Is violence continuing despite the government saying it has stopped?

暴力还在继续吗？虽然政府称暴力已经停止。

Well, there are many parts of the region that is in conflict. There are also areas we can't access, the humanitarian organizations cannot access.

这个地区有很多地方都处于冲突之中。还有一些地区我们和人道主义组织都无法进入。

So this conflict has really just begun.

这场冲突才刚刚开始。

And again, if you listen to the U.N., they're saying 91% of the population — just imagine, 91% of the population are in need of food aid, as you mentioned.

再说一次，联合国表示有91%的人口——想象一下，有91%的人口需要粮食援助，你刚才有提到这一点。

For many people — people perhaps a bit older remember the Ethiopian famine of 1984, which really affected⁶ so many people.

对许多人来说，也许年纪稍大的人还记得1984年的埃塞俄比亚饥荒，那场饥荒对许多人造成了影响。

And many of those famine happened in the region of Tigray. So for many people, again, it's a Catch-22.

许多饥荒发生在提格雷地区。因此对许多人来说，这是无法逾越的障碍。

We're going back to the old era where Ethiopia can — is really struggling to support and feed millions of Ethiopians.

我们将回到旧时代——埃塞俄比亚要努力支持和喂养数百万埃塞俄比亚人。

How much is the destruction of this key essential bridge going to affect the humanitarian crisis that is already affecting hundreds of thousands of people?

关键桥梁被毁将对已影响数十万人的人道主义危机产生多大影响？

To begin with, the Tigray region is one of the poorest parts of Ethiopia, so this bridge means a lot.

首先，提格雷地区是埃塞俄比亚最贫穷的地区之一，因此这座桥意义重大。

This is the same bridge that the U.N. is using to transport basic needs to the people that really need it.

联合国用这座桥向真正需要救济的民众运送基本需求。

So without this bridge, you can only imagine what it means in terms of delivering the basic needs

因此，如果没有这座桥，可以想象这在运送基本需求方面意味着什么，

that you need to make sure that this famine that's certain to come will only affect a portion of what the U.N. is telling us is going to be victims.

因为这些需求旨在确保这场必然到来的饥荒只影响联合国所说的一部分受害者。

So this bridge means everything for thousands, if not millions of people that really rely on foreign aid.

因此，真正依赖外国援助的人即使没有数百万，也有数千人，而这座桥对他们来说意味着一切。

That is Samuel Getachew, a freelance journalist based in Ethiopia's capital, Addis Ababa. Thank you very much.

以上是驻埃塞俄比亚首都亚的斯亚贝巴的自由记者塞缪尔·格塔丘带来的报道。非常感谢你。

Thank you.

谢谢。

1 humanitarian   

n.人道主义者，博爱者，基督凡人论者

参考例句：

• She has many humanitarian interests and contributes a lot to them.她拥有很多慈善事业，并作了很大的贡献。
• The British government has now suspended humanitarian aid to the area.英国政府现已暂停对这一地区的人道主义援助。

2 initiated   

n. 创始人 adj. 新加入的 vt. 开始，创始，启蒙，介绍加入

参考例句：

• He has not yet been thoroughly initiated into the mysteries of computers. 他对计算机的奥秘尚未入门。
• The artist initiated the girl into the art world in France. 这个艺术家介绍这个女孩加入巴黎艺术界。

3 withdrawal   

n.取回，提款；撤退，撤军；收回，撤销

参考例句：

• The police were forced to make a tactical withdrawal.警方被迫进行战术撤退。
• They insisted upon a withdrawal of the statement and a public apology.他们坚持要收回那些话并公开道歉。

4 coalition   

n.结合体，同盟，结合，联合

参考例句：

• The several parties formed a coalition.这几个政党组成了政治联盟。
• Coalition forces take great care to avoid civilian casualties.联盟军队竭尽全力避免造成平民伤亡。

5 previously   

adv.以前，先前（地）

参考例句：

• The bicycle tyre blew out at a previously damaged point.自行车胎在以前损坏过的地方又爆开了。
• Let me digress for a moment and explain what had happened previously.让我岔开一会儿，解释原先发生了什么。

6 affected   

adj.不自然的，假装的

参考例句：

• She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
• His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。