TED演讲:谈魅力(1)

 He remembers people saying, as he was sort of half-conscious, he remembers people saying, Steiner's been hit in the head. Steiner's dead.  他记得。在他处于半清醒状态时听到人们说：斯坦纳被射中了头部。斯坦纳死了。

And he was thinking, I'm not dead.  他想：我没死。

And he sat up.  于是坐了起来。

And Brendan realized after that he could not protect his men,and that was the only time he cried in Afghanistan,was realizing that.  之后布伦丹意识到自己没能保护自己的手下在阿富汗那么久，他第一次哭了。因为他意识到没能保护他的战士。

That's brotherhood¹.  这就是兄弟情谊。

This wasn't invented recently.  这不是什么新词。

Many of you have probably read The Iliad.  在座的应该都读过《伊利亚特》。

Achilles surely would have risked his life or given his life to save his friend Patroclus.  阿喀琉斯宁可牺牲自己也要保护他的朋友普特罗克勒斯。

In World War II, there were many stories of soldiers who were wounded,were brought to a rear base hospital, 在二战期间也有许多故事,关于受伤士兵的故事。他们被送去后方战地医院。

who went AWOL, crawled out of windows,slipped out doors, went AWOL,wounded,to make their way back to the front lines to rejoin their brothers out there.  可是他们会逃跑,爬墙穿门。即使身负重伤也要回到战场。回到战士们中间。

So you think about Brendan,you think about all these soldiers having an experience like that, a bond like that,  所以想到布伦丹,就能想到这些战士。他们有着这样的经历，彼此之间建立起重要的纽带。

in a small group, where they loved 20 other people in some ways more than they loved themselves. 在一个小群体中关心着其他20个人胜过关心自己。

You think about how good that would feel, imagine it, and they are blessed with that experience for a year, and then they come home,and they are just back in society. 可以想象一下这是一种怎样的经历。他们有幸能有这样的经历回到家中回到社会中。

like the rest of us are, not knowing who they can count on,not knowing who loves them,who they can love,not knowing exactly what anyone they know. 像我们普通人一样不知道自己可以依赖谁。不知道谁关心自己，也不知道有谁值得自己关心不知道那些自己熟悉的人。

would do for them if it came down to it.  在自己倒下时会作何反应。

That is terrifying.  这是很恐怖的事情。

Compared to that,war, psychologically, in some ways, is easy,compared to that kind of alienation².  相比之下从心理上说，战争是很简单的,没有这种陌生感。

That's why they miss it, and that's what we have to understand and in some ways fix in our society.  这就是为什么老兵会恋战。我们必须要理解这种陌生感并且尝试找到办法去回应这一问题。

Thank you very much.Applause 谢谢大家。掌声。You might be wondering why I'm wearing sunglasses, and one answer to that is, because I'm here to talk about glamour³. 你可能会疑惑为什么我戴着太阳镜，其中的一个答案就是因为我今天的主题是魅力。

So, we all think we know what glamour is. Here it is.  所以，我们都认为自知什么叫做魅力。大家请看。

It's glamorous⁴ movie stars, like Marlene Dietrich.  是非常有魅力的影星，比如玛琳?黛德丽。

And it comes in a male form, too very glamorous. 也有男性非常迷人。

Not only can he shoot, drive, drink you know, he drinks wine, there actually is a little wine in there and of course, always wears a tuxedo⁵. 不仅仅因为他可以射击，开车-你知道，他是喝酒的，事实上他的旁边总是伴随着酒香，当然，他总是一副绅士模样。

But I think that glamour actually has a much broader meaning one that is true for the movie stars and the fictional⁶ characters,but also comes in other forms.  不过我认为魅力实际上有更为广泛的含义。其中一部分（当然）那些电影明星和小说人物所展现出来的但也有其他的表达方式。

A magazine?  杂志？

Well, it's certainly not this one.  不过，当然不是这本。

This is the least glamorous magazine on the newsstand-it's all about sex tips.  这是新标准下魅力值最低的杂志--里面充斥着性爱技巧。

Sex tips are not glamorous.  性爱技巧并不具备魅力。

And Drew Barrymore, for all her wonderful charm, Drew Barrymore,is not glamorous either.  她所有的迷人之处，也谈不上具有魅力。

But there is a glamour of industry.  但是却存在着一个魅力产业。。

This is Margaret Bourke-White's one of her pictures she did.  这个是 Margaret Bourke-White的其中的一幅作品。

Fantastic, glamorous pictures of steel mills and paper mills and all kinds of glamorous industrial places.  美妙的，迷人的图片展现着钢铁厂，造纸厂和各种充满魅力的工业场所。

And there's the mythic glamour of the garage entrepreneur.  这个是车库经理人的神话般的魅力。

This is the Hewlett-Packard garage.  这是惠普当初起家的车库。

We know everyone who starts a business in a garage ends up founding Hewlett-Packard.  我们知道任何一个从车库起家的创业者最终都成了惠普的融资人。

There's the glamour of physics.  这是物理学的魅力。

What could be more glamorous than understanding the entire universe,grand unification? And, by the way, it helps if you're Brian Greene he has other kinds of glamour.  还有什么能比洞察整个宇宙，伟大的统一更加。具有魅力呢--而且，顺便提一下，如果你是Brian Greene这很有用。他还有很多其他类型的魅力。

And there is, of course, this glamour.  当然，这种，魅力。

This is very, very glamorous: the glamour of outer space and not the alien-style glamour, but the nice, clean, early '60s version.  这是，非常非常迷人的--外太空的魅力。而且并不是外星人式的魅力。而是美好，干净，60年代初期的样子。

So what do we mean by glamour?  那么到底什么叫做魅力？

Well, one thing you can do if you want to know what glamour means is you can look in the dictionary.  当然，如果想了解魅力的含义，你可以做的一件事情就是查看字典。

And it actually helps a lot more if you look in a very old dictionary, in this case the 1913 dictionary.  而且事实上如果你去查阅很古老的字典会很有用，在这种情况下，这是1913版的字典。

Because for centuries, glamour had a very particular meaning,and the word was actually used differently from the way we think of it.  因为时代变迁，魅力会相应的有着其特定的含义，而且这个词汇实际上和我们设想的方式是截然不同的。

You had "a" glamour.  你很有魅力。

It wasn't glamour as a quality-you "cast a glamour."  这并不是说它是一种品质-你可以将其抛开。

Glamour was a literal magic spell.  魅力是一种字面意义上的魔力咒符。

Not a metaphorical⁷ one, the way we use it today,but a literal magic spell associated with witches and gypsies and to some extent, Celtic magic.  而不是今天我们所使用的，隐喻的方式。而是一种和女巫、吉普赛人紧密联系在一起的魔力咒符。而且在某种程度上，可以是凯尔特魔法。

And over the years, around the turn of the 20th century, it started to take on this other kind of deception⁸. 而且这么多年来，在20世纪的转交之际，魅力开始呈现出一点其他类型的戏法。

this definition for any artificial interest in, or association with,an object through which it appears delusively⁹ magnified or glorified¹⁰.  这种解释是任何有关人的对某种实体的兴趣或者联系，通过它可以呈现出被放大或者渲染过的迷惑。

But still, glamour is an illusion.  但是，魅力仍是是一种幻觉。

Glamour is a magic spell.  魅力是一种魔力咒符。

And there's something dangerous about glamour throughout most of history. When the witches cast a magic spell on you, it was not in your self-interest. 而且关于魅力有一些危险的地方人类历史的大部分情况下，当女巫对你抛出一个不符合你自身利益的魔力咒符。

it was to get you to act against your interest.  它就会使你做出违背自己意愿的事情。

1 brotherhood   

n.兄弟般的关系，手中情谊

参考例句：

• They broke up the brotherhood.他们断绝了兄弟关系。
• They live and work together in complete equality and brotherhood.他们完全平等和兄弟般地在一起生活和工作。

2 alienation   

n.疏远；离间；异化

参考例句：

• The new policy resulted in the alienation of many voters.新政策导致许多选民疏远了。
• As almost every conceivable contact between human beings gets automated,the alienation index goes up.随着人与人之间几乎一切能想到的接触方式的自动化，感情疏远指数在不断上升。

3 glamour   

n.魔力，魅力；vt.迷住

参考例句：

• Foreign travel has lost its glamour for her.到国外旅行对她已失去吸引力了。
• The moonlight cast a glamour over the scene.月光给景色增添了魅力。

4 glamorous   

adj.富有魅力的；美丽动人的；令人向往的

参考例句：

• The south coast is less glamorous but full of clean and attractive hotels.南海岸魅力稍逊，但却有很多干净漂亮的宾馆。
• It is hard work and not a glamorous job as portrayed by the media.这是份苦差，并非像媒体描绘的那般令人向往。

5 tuxedo   

n.礼服，无尾礼服

参考例句：

• Well,you have your own tuxedo.噢，你有自己的燕尾服。
• Have I told you how amazing you look in this tuxedo?我告诉过你穿这件燕尾服看起来很棒吗？

6 fictional   

adj.小说的，虚构的

参考例句：

• The names of the shops are entirely fictional.那些商店的名字完全是虚构的。
• The two authors represent the opposite poles of fictional genius.这两位作者代表了天才小说家两个极端。

7 metaphorical   

a.隐喻的，比喻的

参考例句：

• Here, then, we have a metaphorical substitution on a metonymic axis. 这样，我们在换喻（者翻译为转喻，一种以部分代替整体的修辞方法）上就有了一个隐喻的替代。
• So, in a metaphorical sense, entropy is arrow of time. 所以说，我们可以这样作个比喻：熵像是时间之矢。

8 deception   

n.欺骗，欺诈；骗局，诡计

参考例句：

• He admitted conspiring to obtain property by deception.他承认曾与人合谋骗取财产。
• He was jailed for two years for fraud and deception.他因为诈骗和欺诈入狱服刑两年。

9 delusively   

adv.困惑地，欺瞒地

参考例句：

• The village looked delusively near. 那个村庄看起来很近，实际上却很远。 来自互联网

10 glorified   

美其名的，变荣耀的

参考例句：

• The restaurant was no more than a glorified fast-food cafe. 这地方美其名曰餐馆，其实只不过是个快餐店而已。
• The author glorified the life of the peasants. 那个作者赞美了农民的生活。