CNN美国有线新闻 朝鲜粮食短缺危机

Experts say that North Korea's chronic¹ food shortages are growing and so is the number of citizens potentially dying due to starvation.

专家称，朝鲜长期的粮食短缺问题正在加剧，饿死的公民人数可能也在增加。

Trade data, satellite images, and assessments² from the United Nations and South Korea suggest that the nation is grappling with their lowest food supply since the famine of the 1990s, a famine that caused mass starvation, killing³ hundreds of thousands of people.

贸易数据、卫星图像以及联合国和韩国的评估显示，朝鲜目前正努力应对自上世纪90年代该国饥荒以来最低的粮食供应。那次饥荒造成了大量人口挨饿，数十万人饿死。

Experts say the current food shortage is likely due to complications from the COVID pandemic, three years of closed borders and strict isolation⁴, as well as floods and storms, which offset⁵ planting.

专家表示，目前的粮食短缺可能是由于新冠疫情、三年的边境封锁与严格隔离措施，以及影响种植的洪水与风暴等复杂因素造成的。

North Korea is a self-isolated and very secretive country.

朝鲜是一个自我封闭且非常神秘的国家。

So it's difficult to assess or prove what's really going on there.

所以很难评估或证明那里到底发生了什么。

Experts say that equal distribution of any available food there is unlikely because the elite⁶ and military are prioritized.

专家们表示，因为朝鲜优先考虑权力集团和军队方面的需求，所以不太可能平等分配任何可获得的食物。

Now, despite the food shortage, which few experts deny, North Korea continues to spend money on missile tests instead of food and refuses aid from neighboring countries.

现在，尽管粮食短缺（几乎没有专家否认这一点），朝鲜仍继续把资金投入在导弹试验上，而不是粮食上，并拒绝邻国的援助。

Here's CNN's Paula Hancocks with more.

CNN的保拉·汉考克斯将带来详细报道。

Concerns about North Korea's food crisis are growing.

对朝鲜粮食危机的担忧正在加剧。

Reports from multiple sources say deaths due to starvation are likely.

多个消息来源报告称，很有可能因饥饿而死亡。

Probably its worst point since the famine in the 1990s, which killed 3% to 5% of the population.

这可能是自20世纪90年代朝鲜饥荒以来最严重的一次，那次饥荒导致3%到5%的人口饿死。

Attention's being paid at the very top.

注意力都集中在最高层了。

North Korean leader Kim Jong-un held a Workers' Party meeting this week, calling for a fundamental change in farming and state economic plans.

朝鲜领导人金正恩本周召开劳动党会议，呼吁对国家农业和经济计划进行根本改革。

But many say it is his regime, its chronic mismanagement, and isolation that has caused this crisis.

但许多人表示，是他领导的政府造成了这场危机，政府长期管理不当、闭关锁国也是原因之一。

We're really talking about three years of no imports of fertilizer.

我们真正谈论的是三年不进口化肥。

There's been no imports of tools or components⁷ to fix the outdated⁸ machinery⁹ that they have.

他们缺乏进口工具或零部件修理过时的机器。

An extensive shutdown of borders due to the COVID pandemic meant almost no food or aid was getting into the country.

由于新冠疫情，该国大规模关闭边境，几乎没有粮食或相关援助进入该国。

Only in recent months has minimal¹⁰ trade restarted with China.

直到最近几个月，与中国的贸易才略微恢复。

South Korean officials said last month they believe deaths from starvation are occurring in certain areas, though provided no evidence.

韩国官员上个月表示，尽管没有提供任何证据，但他们认为朝鲜某些地区正在发生饿死事件。

Its rural development agency estimates that the North's food production dropped almost 4% last year from the year before.

朝鲜农村发展机构估计，朝鲜去年的粮食产量比前年下降了近4%。

Food has dipped below the amount needed to satisfy the minimum human needs.

粮食已降至满足人类最低需求所需的量以下。

So as it stands by that measure, even if you distributed food perfectly¹¹ equally, which is totally inconceivable, you would have hunger-related deaths.

按照这个标准，即使完全平等地分配食物(这是完全不可想象的)，也会有人饿死。

Speaking to South Korea's foreign minister last week, he said Pyongyang has to decide to help its own people.

他上周对韩国外交部长说，朝鲜政府必须决定帮助自己的人民。

The only way that North Korea can get out of this trouble is to come back to the dialogue table and accept our humanitarian¹² offer to the North and make a better choice for the future.

朝鲜要想摆脱困境，唯一的办法就是回到对话桌前，接受我们对朝鲜的人道主义援助，为未来做出更好的选择。

1 chronic   

adj.(疾病)长期未愈的，慢性的；极坏的

参考例句：

• Famine differs from chronic malnutrition.饥荒不同于慢性营养不良。
• Chronic poisoning may lead to death from inanition.慢性中毒也可能由虚弱导致死亡。

2 assessments   

n.评估( assessment的名词复数 )；评价；（应偿付金额的）估定；（为征税对财产所作的）估价

参考例句：

• He was shrewd in his personal assessments. 他总能对人作出精明的评价。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Surveys show about two-thirds use such assessments, while half employ personality tests. 调查表明，约有三分之二的公司采用了这种测评；而一半的公司则采用工作人员个人品质测试。 来自百科语句

3 killing   

n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财

参考例句：

• Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。
• Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。

4 isolation   

n.隔离，孤立，分解，分离

参考例句：

• The millionaire lived in complete isolation from the outside world.这位富翁过着与世隔绝的生活。
• He retired and lived in relative isolation.他退休后，生活比较孤寂。

5 offset   

n.分支，补偿；v.抵消，补偿

参考例句：

• Their wage increases would be offset by higher prices.他们增加的工资会被物价上涨所抵消。
• He put up his prices to offset the increased cost of materials.他提高了售价以补偿材料成本的增加。

6 elite   

n.精英阶层；实力集团；adj.杰出的，卓越的

参考例句：

• The power elite inside the government is controlling foreign policy.政府内部的一群握有实权的精英控制着对外政策。
• We have a political elite in this country.我们国家有一群政治精英。

7 components   

（机器、设备等的）构成要素，零件，成分； 成分( component的名词复数 )； [物理化学]组分； [数学]分量； （混合物的）组成部分

参考例句：

• the components of a machine 机器部件
• Our chemistry teacher often reduces a compound to its components in lab. 在实验室中化学老师常把化合物分解为各种成分。

8 outdated   

adj.旧式的，落伍的，过时的；v.使过时

参考例句：

• That list of addresses is outdated,many have changed.那个通讯录已经没用了，许多地址已经改了。
• Many of us conform to the outdated customs laid down by our forebears.我们许多人都遵循祖先立下的过时习俗。

9 machinery   

n.(总称)机械，机器；机构

参考例句：

• Has the machinery been put up ready for the broadcast?广播器材安装完毕了吗？
• Machinery ought to be well maintained all the time.机器应该随时注意维护。

10 minimal   

adj.尽可能少的，最小的

参考例句：

• They referred to this kind of art as minimal art.他们把这种艺术叫微型艺术。
• I stayed with friends, so my expenses were minimal.我住在朋友家，所以我的花费很小。

11 perfectly   

adv.完美地，无可非议地，彻底地

参考例句：

• The witnesses were each perfectly certain of what they said.证人们个个对自己所说的话十分肯定。
• Everything that we're doing is all perfectly above board.我们做的每件事情都是光明正大的。

12 humanitarian   

n.人道主义者，博爱者，基督凡人论者

参考例句：

• She has many humanitarian interests and contributes a lot to them.她拥有很多慈善事业，并作了很大的贡献。
• The British government has now suspended humanitarian aid to the area.英国政府现已暂停对这一地区的人道主义援助。