美文串记考研词汇 汽车——现代社会的难题

Cars—The Complication of Our Times

汽车——现代社会的难题

Conceive that you are sitting in front of porch indulging in the shining sun when your neighbor comes back in his annoying car with the buzzing (zooming/humming) sound and its exhaust pipe puffing¹ out horrible black smoke. Would you think about the question whether the cars are becoming a blessing² or a menace to human beings? Would you be aware that cars have become a formidable complication of our times?

设想一下，你正坐在自家的门廊前享受着明媚的阳光，这时，你的邻居开着那辆嘟嘟作响、排气管冒着可怕黑烟的汽车过来了。你会认为汽车是我们人类的福祉还是威胁呢?你会意识到汽车已经是我们社会的一个巨大难题吗?

In our modern days, cars are apt to be the premier³ reliance of people to get to work or to drop their children off at school. However, some reckless drivers put themselves and others in danger. About two hundred casualties are deprived of their lives in traffic accidents everyday in China.

在现代社会里，私家车正逐渐成为人们上下班或者接送孩子上学时主要依赖的交通工具。然而，一些莽撞的驾车人却将自己和他人置于危险的境地。中国国内平均每天都有大约200人死于交通事故。

The other drawback of cars is their serious pollution. The composite toxic⁴ gas exhausted⁵ by the engine will inflict⁶ adverse⁷ effects on the health of car users and all the innocent pedestrians(passers-by). We should take precaution to the prevalent phenomenon, but it is easy to be underestimated. For example, people with pneumonia⁸ would suffer from more attacks be cause of the pollution. The cars' toxic emission⁹ would form acid rain. And what's more, no matter how much effort the manufacturers make to renovate¹⁰ the engine to minimize the cars' emissions¹¹, it will damage our Earth in one way or another.

汽车的另一个缺点是污染严重。汽车发动机排放的复合有毒尾气对驾车人和无辜行人的健康都会产生有害的影响。这一普遍现象值得引起我们的警惕，却常常被低估了。比如，污染会增加肺炎患者的发病次数；汽车有毒排放物将会形成酸雨。不管汽车生产厂商多么尽力改造发动机使有毒排放物最小化，汽车还是会以种种方式破坏我们的地球。

Lastly, cars might create social problems in a magnitude radius¹². People depend on their cars so much that they will ignore to physical exercise and end up deteriorating¹³ their health. The noises created by cars, must bring disturbances¹⁴ to people who inhabit adjoining highways.

最后一点，汽车可能还会产生很大范围的社会问题。人们太依赖汽车，而忽略了自身的体育锻炼，结果削弱人体健康状态。有些汽车产生的噪音，必然会干扰居住在公路附近的居民。

In my subjective¹⁵ opinion, in order to create an environmentally friendly and safe world, it is necessary for related municipal sectors¹⁶ to adopt constrained¹⁷ decrees, such as setting vehicular allocated¹⁸ quotas¹⁹ and pegging²⁰ the permits in number. Secondly²¹, automobile²² manufacturers should try to improve the efficiency of vehicles, such as finding solutions to recycle the redundant²³ fuel in emission of engine, and muting(diminishing) the noise of a car engine as well. Thirdly, try to streamline²⁴ the traffic by setting up dedicated²⁵ bus lanes and giving priority to minibuses or vehicles carrying more than three passengers. In addition, building the pedestrian overpass²⁶ at the junction²⁷ is also a good choice.

我个人的看法是，为了创造一个有益于环保和安全的世界，(每个国家)各地方相关政府部门都有必要采取强制法令，例如定出汽车分配限额，并限制发放许可证的数量。其次，汽车生产厂商应尽力改进汽车性能，比如寻找循环利用尾气中过剩燃料的途径，减小汽车发动机的声音。第三，努力提高交通运输效率，如设立公交专道，对小型巴士和载有3人或3人以上的车辆给予优先权。在交叉路口建立人行天桥也是一个不错的办法。

1 puffing   

v.使喷出( puff的现在分词 )；喷着汽（或烟）移动；吹嘘；吹捧

参考例句：

• He was puffing hard when he jumped on to the bus. 他跳上公共汽车时喘息不已。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• My father sat puffing contentedly on his pipe. 父亲坐着心满意足地抽着烟斗。 来自《简明英汉词典》

2 blessing   

n.祈神赐福；祷告；祝福，祝愿

参考例句：

• The blessing was said in Hebrew.祷告用了希伯来语。
• A double blessing has descended upon the house.双喜临门。

3 premier   

adj.首要的；n.总理，首相

参考例句：

• The Irish Premier is paying an official visit to Britain.爱尔兰总理正在对英国进行正式访问。
• He requested that the premier grant him an internview.他要求那位总理接见他一次。

4 toxic   

adj.有毒的，因中毒引起的

参考例句：

• The factory had accidentally released a quantity of toxic waste into the sea.这家工厂意外泄漏大量有毒废物到海中。
• There is a risk that toxic chemicals might be blasted into the atmosphere.爆炸后有毒化学物质可能会进入大气层。

5 exhausted   

adj.极其疲惫的，精疲力尽的

参考例句：

• It was a long haul home and we arrived exhausted.搬运回家的这段路程特别长，到家时我们已筋疲力尽。
• Jenny was exhausted by the hustle of city life.珍妮被城市生活的忙乱弄得筋疲力尽。

6 inflict   

vt.(on)把…强加给，使遭受，使承担

参考例句：

• Don't inflict your ideas on me.不要把你的想法强加于我。
• Don't inflict damage on any person.不要伤害任何人。

7 adverse   

adj.不利的；有害的；敌对的，不友好的

参考例句：

• He is adverse to going abroad.他反对出国。
• The improper use of medicine could lead to severe adverse reactions.用药不当会产生严重的不良反应。

8 pneumonia   

n.肺炎

参考例句：

• Cage was struck with pneumonia in her youth.凯奇年轻时得过肺炎。
• Pneumonia carried him off last week.肺炎上星期夺去了他的生命。

9 emission   

n.发出物，散发物；发出，散发

参考例句：

• Rigorous measures will be taken to reduce the total pollutant emission.采取严格有力措施，降低污染物排放总量。
• Finally,the way to effectively control particulate emission is pointed out.最后，指出有效降低颗粒排放的方向。

10 renovate   

vt.更新，革新，刷新

参考例句：

• The couple spent thousands renovating the house.这对夫妇花了几千元来翻新房子。
• They are going to renovate the old furniture.他们准备将旧家具整修一番。

11 emissions   

排放物( emission的名词复数 )； 散发物（尤指气体）

参考例句：

• Most scientists accept that climate change is linked to carbon emissions. 大多数科学家都相信气候变化与排放的含碳气体有关。
• Dangerous emissions radiate from plutonium. 危险的辐射物从钚放散出来。

12 radius   

n.半径，半径范围；有效航程，范围，界限

参考例句：

• He has visited every shop within a radius of two miles.周围两英里以内的店铺他都去过。
• We are measuring the radius of the circle.我们正在测量圆的半径。

13 deteriorating   

恶化，变坏( deteriorate的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• The weather conditions are deteriorating. 天气变得越来越糟。
• I was well aware of the bad morale and the deteriorating factories. 我很清楚，大家情绪低落，各个工厂越搞越坏。

14 disturbances   

n.骚乱( disturbance的名词复数 )；打扰；困扰；障碍

参考例句：

• The government has set up a commission of inquiry into the disturbances at the prison. 政府成立了一个委员会来调查监狱骚乱事件。
• Extra police were called in to quell the disturbances. 已调集了增援警力来平定骚乱。

15 subjective   

a.主观(上)的，个人的

参考例句：

• The way they interpreted their past was highly subjective. 他们解释其过去的方式太主观。
• A literary critic should not be too subjective in his approach. 文学评论家的看法不应太主观。

16 sectors   

n.部门( sector的名词复数 )；领域；防御地区；扇形

参考例句：

• Berlin was divided into four sectors after the war. 战后柏林分成了4 个区。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Industry and agriculture are the two important sectors of the national economy. 工业和农业是国民经济的两个重要部门。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

17 constrained   

adj.束缚的,节制的

参考例句：

• The evidence was so compelling that he felt constrained to accept it. 证据是那样的令人折服，他觉得不得不接受。
• I feel constrained to write and ask for your forgiveness. 我不得不写信请你原谅。

18 allocated   

adj. 分配的 动词allocate的过去式和过去分词

参考例句：

• The Ford Foundation allocated millions of dollars for cancer research. 福特基金会拨款数百万美元用于癌症研究。
• More funds will now be allocated to charitable organizations. 现在会拨更多的资金给慈善组织。

19 quotas   

（正式限定的）定量( quota的名词复数 )； 定额； 指标； 摊派

参考例句：

• In fulfilling the production quotas, John made rings round all his fellow workers. 约翰完成生产定额大大超过他的同事们。
• Quotas of the means of production are allocated by the higher administrative bodies to the lower ones. 物资指标按隶属关系分配。

20 pegging   

n.外汇钉住，固定证券价格v.用夹子或钉子固定( peg的现在分词 )；使固定在某水平

参考例句：

• To write a novel,one must keep pegging away at it consistently. 要写小说，必须不断辛勤劳动。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• She was pegging the clothes out on the line to dry. 她正在把衣服夹在晒衣绳上晾干。 来自辞典例句

21 secondly   

adv.第二，其次

参考例句：

• Secondly,use your own head and present your point of view.第二，动脑筋提出自己的见解。
• Secondly it is necessary to define the applied load.其次，需要确定所作用的载荷。

22 automobile   

n.汽车，机动车

参考例句：

• He is repairing the brake lever of an automobile.他正在修理汽车的刹车杆。
• The automobile slowed down to go around the curves in the road.汽车在路上转弯时放慢了速度。

23 redundant   

adj.多余的，过剩的；(食物)丰富的；被解雇的

参考例句：

• There are too many redundant words in this book.这本书里多余的词太多。
• Nearly all the redundant worker have been absorbed into other departments.几乎所有冗员，都已调往其他部门任职。

24 streamline   

vt.使成流线型；使简化；使现代化

参考例句：

• We must streamline our methods.我们必须简化方法。
• Any liquid or gas passing it will have streamline flow.任何通过它的液体或气体将呈流线型的流动。

25 dedicated   

adj.一心一意的；献身的；热诚的

参考例句：

• He dedicated his life to the cause of education.他献身于教育事业。
• His whole energies are dedicated to improve the design.他的全部精力都放在改进这项设计上了。

26 overpass   

n.天桥，立交桥

参考例句：

• I walked through an overpass over the road.我步行穿过那条公路上面的立交桥。
• We should take the overpass when crossing the road.我们过马路应走天桥。

27 junction   

n.连接，接合；交叉点，接合处，枢纽站

参考例句：

• There's a bridge at the junction of the two rivers.两河的汇合处有座桥。
• You must give way when you come to this junction.你到了这个路口必须让路。