英语 英语 日语 日语 韩语 韩语 法语 法语 德语 德语 西班牙语 西班牙语 意大利语 意大利语 阿拉伯语 阿拉伯语 葡萄牙语 葡萄牙语 越南语 越南语 俄语 俄语 芬兰语 芬兰语 泰语 泰语 泰语 丹麦语 泰语 对外汉语

Unit 10 Insurance

时间:2005-07-31 16:00来源:互联网 提供网友:kobe   字体: [ ]
特别声明:本栏目内容均从网络收集或者网友提供,供仅参考试用,我们无法保证内容完整和正确。如果资料损害了您的权益,请与站长联系,我们将及时删除并致以歉意。
    (单词翻译:双击或拖选)

Insurance

 

保险

 

Brief Introduction

 

在国际贸易中,货物从卖方到达买方,通常要经过长途的运输、装卸和存储等过程。在此过程中,货物常常会遇到许多风险。为了保障货物遭受损失时能得到一定的补偿,买方或卖方应在货物装船后向保险公司投保货物运输险。

 

对外贸易的运输保险是指:被保险人(出口人或进口人)对一批或若干批货物向保险人按一定金额投保一定的险别,并交纳保险费;保险人承保后,如果所保货物在运输过程中发生约定范围内的损失,应按照所出具的保险单的规定给予被保险人经济上的补偿。

 

投保时,通常选择平安险(F.P.A.,水渍险(W.A.W.P.A. )或一切险(A.R.)三种基本险别中的一种,然后,加保其他必要的特殊附加险别。

 

 

Basic Expressions

 

1. We have covered insurance on 1,000 cases of beer for 110% of the invoice1 value against all risks.

 

我们已将一千箱啤酒按发票金额的百分之一百一十投保一切险。

 

2. If you desire us to insure against a special risk, an extra premium2 will have to be charged.

 

如你想投保特殊险别,将向你收取额外保费。

 

3. This risk is coverable at a premium of 0.25%.

 

该险别的保险费是百分之零点二五。

 

4. The insurance company insures this risk with 5% franchise3.

 

保险公司保这种险有百分之五的免赔额。

 

5. After loading the goods on board the ship, you must go to the insurance company to have them insured.

 

货船装船后,你必须找保险公司为货物投保。

 

6. We can serve you with a broad range of coverage4 against all kinds of risks for sea transport, such as Free of Particular Average (F. P.A.), With Particular Average (W.P.A.), All Risks and Extraneous6 Risks.

 

我们可以承保海洋运输的所有险别,如:平安险、水渍险、一切险 和附加险。

 

7. W.P.A. plus Risk of Breakage suit your consignment8.

 

贵方货物适合于投保水渍险及破碎险。

 

8. The premium is calculated according to the premium rate or rates for risks to be covered.

 

保险费是根据投保险别的保险费率计算的。

 

9. They will undertake to compensate9 you for the losses according to the risks insured.

他们将根据所投保的险别,对损失负责赔偿。

 

 

10. We are able to cover all kinds of risks for transportation by sea, land and air.

 

我们可以办理海运、陆运和空运的所有险别。

 

 

11. We won’t have such a risk included, as it is not stipulated10 in the Ocean Marine12 Cargo13 Clauses.

 

我们不能投保此项险别,因为海洋运输条款中没有包括这一险别。

 

 

12. Do you cover risk other than W.P.A. and War Risk?

 

除了水渍险和战争险外,你们还保其他险吗?

 

 

13. As a rule, the extra premium involved will be for buyer’s account.

 

按常规,额外保险费应由买方负责。

 

 

14. Please note that our insurance coverage is for 110% of the invoice value only.

 

请注意我们的保险范围只是发票金额的百分之一百一十。

 

15. How long is the period from the commencement to termination of the insurance?

 

保险责任的起讫期限有多长?

 

 

16. We adopt the warehouse-to-warehouse clause that is commonly used in international insurance.

 

我们采用国际保险中常用的“仓至仓”的责任条款。

 

17. According to international practice, we do not insure against such risks unless the buyers call for them.

 

按照国际惯例,我们不投保这些险别,除非买主提出要求投保。

 

18. Breakage is a special risk, for which an extra premium will have to be charged.

 

破碎险是一种特别险,需收取额外保险费。

 

19. Because they aren’t delicate goods and not likely to be damaged on the voyage.

 

因为这些不是易碎易损的货物,航行中不大可能被损坏。

 

 

Conversations

 

Dialogue 1

 

 

A: Good afternoon, Mr. Brown. My appointment was at 4 o’clock, wasn’t it?

 

B: Yes, Mrs. Wang. We have been expecting you. Mrs. Wang, this is Mr. Jordan of the People’s Insurance Company of China. He has come to explain the unfortunate affair about the insurance.

 

A: Thank you for coming. Mr. Brown, as you may recall, the

 

February consignment arrived at Manila seriously damaged. The loss through breakage was over 30% of the consignment. We’ve presented a claim to the underwriters through your firm, but the insurance company refused to admit liability, as there was no insurance on breakage. We naturally were not satisfied with such a reply.

 

 

B: I should like to hear what Mr. Jordan has to say about it. You know of course that we, the sellers, are merely acting14 as mediators in this matter. The Insurance Company is responsible for the claim, as far as it is within the scope of coverage.

 

J: That’s just the point. The loss in question was beyond the

 

coverage granted by us. According to your instructions, we made out an insurance certificate covering W.P.A. and the risk of break- age wasn’t mentioned in it. We rang up the Ceramics16 Section of Light Industrial Products Import & Export Corporation, but were told that their customer had not asked for coverage in case of breakage.

 

 

-- 下午好,布朗先生。我们约好四点钟见面,是不是?

 

-- 是的,王小姐。我们一直在等你。王小姐,这位是中国人民保险公 司的乔丹先生。他是来解释这次不幸事件的保险问题的。

 

-- 谢谢你来。布朗先生,你也许记得,二月份发运到马尼拉的那批货 物破碎严重。破碎损失超过这批货物的百分之三十。我们已通过你 们公司向保险公司提出了索赔,但保险公司以没投保破碎险为由, 拒绝承担责任。我们当然对这种回答不满意。

 

-- 我想听听乔丹先生对此有什么看法。当然,你是知道的,我们卖方 对这种事只是个调解人。只要在保险责任范围内,保险公司就应负 赔偿责任。

 

-- 问题就在这里。你说的损失并不包括在我们承保的责任范围之内。 根据你们的要求,我们出具了投保水渍险的保险凭证,但没提及到 破碎险。我们曾打电话给轻工业品公司陶瓷品部,但他们说,客户 并未要求投保破碎险。

 

 

B: In the letter of credit only coverage for all marine risks?was requested. I should like to point out that our prices were calcu- lated without insurance for any special risk. So we applied17 for the usual W.P.A. coverage and let our customers deal with the matter of breakage. Since the validity of the letter of credit was going to expire in two days, there was no time to write for more detailed19 instructions. If the L/C had been valid18 for a longer period, we should have had time to make the matter thoroughly20 clear.

 

A: Mr. Brown, our import license21 only ran up to the middle of February, consequently we were not able to extend the validity of the letter of credit. But we presume that the wording of our L/C implies covering the risk of breakage. Besides, when I take a W.P. A. insurance, that is, with particular average, I should think the risk of breakage is a par5 ticular average, isn’t it?

 

J: Not every breakage is a particular average. It is a particular aver- age when the breakage results from natural ca lam i ties or mar11 i time accidents, such as stranding23 and sinking of the car ry ing vessel24, or is attributable to fire, explosion or collision. If none of these conditions occur, break age is often considered as an or di nary loss and rep re sents what we call ?inherent vice25 or nature of the subject matter insured? which is outside the scope of the coverage.

 

-- 信用证只要求投保“综合海运险”。我想要指出的是,我们的价格 没把任何特殊险计算在内,所以我们只投保了通常的水渍险,而让 我们的客户自行办理破碎险事宜。由于信用证两天内就要到期,来 不及写出更详细的说明。如果信用证的有效期长一点的话,我们就 会有时间把事情彻底说清楚。

 

-- 布朗先生,我们进口许可证的有效期到二月中旬截止,因此我们无 法延长信用证的有效期。但是我方认为信用证的措辞包含了投保破 碎险。此外,当我投保水渍险时,那就是对单独海损要负责赔偿, 我想破碎险是属于一种单独海损,对不对?

 

-- 并不是所有破碎险都是属于单独海损。只是由于自然灾害或意外事 故所造成的破碎,如货船搁浅与沉没,或归因于着火、爆炸、或碰 撞所引起的破碎才算是属于单独海损。如果没有发生上述事故,破 碎便常被认为是一种普通损失,也就是我们所说的,由于“货物内 在缺陷或特性”所引起的损失,不属于承保范围之内。

 

A: But the risk of breakage is covered by marine insurance, isn’t it?

 

J: Certainly, but it is a usual practice to make specific mention in the insurance policy or certificate that the risk of breakage is included. The inclusion of this special risk will be subject to an additional premium that will normally be higher than the basic insurance for the ordinary marine risks. The rate for such risk will vary accord- ing to the kind of commodity, or, as in ceramics, according to the fragility of the goods. I think you must know all about that.

 

A: Well, I have heard something about it but I can’t say that it is very clear to me. I must admit I’m a layman26 as far as insurance is concerned.

 

J: Then let me explain this insurance.

 

B: Mrs. Wang, would you care for a cup of tea? Or some coffee?

 

 A: Thank you. A cup of tea would be nice. And now, let me hear more about the problem of insurance.

 

-- 但破碎险是包括在海洋运输货物险之内,对不对?

 

-- 当然,可是按照通常惯例要在保险单或保险凭证上特别注明破碎 险包括在内。包括这种特别险就必须附加保险费。这种保险费一 般要比通常的海洋运输货物险的基本险高。这类险别的保险费率 将根据货物种类,比如陶瓷器,根据货物的易脆性而有所不同。我想这些你应该都知道。

-- 哦,我听说过一些,但我不能说很清楚。我得承认,就保险而言,我是个外行。

 

-- 那我来解释一下这种保险吧。

 

-- 王小姐,想喝杯茶呢还是咖啡?

 

-- 谢谢,来杯茶倒挺好的。现在,我还想再听听关于保险的问题。

 

 

Dialogue 2

 

W: Do I understand that All Marine Risks means less than All Risks?

 

J: The English understand by marine risks?only risks incident to transport by sea, such as collision, stranding, fire, pen e tra tion of sea water into the holds of the ships, etc. In other words, under ?all marine risks? recoverable loss will only be con7 fined to those arising from perils27 of the sea and maritime28 accidents only. The all risks?coverage will admit all losses occurring at any time throughout the whole currency of the coverage, irrespective of whether they are caused by accidents at sea or on land. In this sense, all marine risks provides a more limited cover than all risks?

 

W: I see. Another thing I don’t understand at this moment is the advantage of W.P.A. coverage. I thought that the W.P.A. insurance should cover all principal risks while, according to what you say, it means very little. It seems to be a phrase without much substance. Then what is the difference between W.P.A. and F.P.A.?

-- 那么,“一切海洋运输货物险”是否意味着比“一切险”范围狭一些呢?

 

-- 英国人对“海洋运输货物险”只理解为海运中的意外风险,诸如 船舶碰撞、搁浅、起火、海水侵入船舱等。换句话说,投保“一 切海洋运输货物险”,其损失的赔偿只限于因海上灾难和海运意外事故所引起的损失。而保“一切险”,在全部承保期内的任何时期,不论海上或陆上所产生的意外事故,其全部损失都予以赔偿。在 这个意义上,“一切海洋运输货物险”比“一切险”所承保的责任 范围更为有限。

 

-- 我懂了。另外一件事我现在还不明白的是,保“水渍险”有什么 好处。 我原以为“水渍险”应包括全部主要风险,而根据你所说 的,它的承保责任却是很少。徒有其名,而没有本质意义。那么,“水渍险”与“平安险”有什么区别呢?

 

J: This is a question that is very often overlooked, Mrs. Wang. It is a very common but mistaken idea that a merchant has done everything that is required to protect him against loss es when he has taken out W.P.A. insurance. There is, perhaps, no mistake more det ri men tal to his interests.

 

W: That interests me very much. I must confess that I was under the impression that W.P.A. insurance was quite sufficient and that losses due to breakage were covered. I know that F.P.A. insur- ance does not cover losses on consumer goods, but I did think that the W.P.A. in sur ance covered more risks than the F.P.A.

 

J: Actually it is like this. There is some difference between W.P.A. and F.P.A. The F.P.A. clause does not cover par tial loss of the nature of particular average, whereas the W.P.A. claus es cover such losses when they exceed a prearranged percentage. This is the only dif fer ence between W.P.A. and F.P.A. Otherwise, the protection under the F.P.A. clause will be al most identical with that of fered by the W.P.A. clause, because in the event of mari- time ac ci dents22 en coun tered in transit29, such as stranding, fire, explosion or collision, both clauses will cov er particular average losses in full.

 

-- 王小姐,这是一个经常被人忽略的问题。这是个很普通却又是个 很错误的想法,那就是商人投保了“水渍险”,便以为足以保障其 利益不受损失。恐怕没别的错误比这个更有损他自己的利益的了。

 

-- 很有意思。我得承认,以往我总认为投保了“水渍险”就够了; 而且以为破碎引起的种种损失也包括在内。我知道“平安险”并 不包括消费品的种种损失,但我确实以 为“水渍险”比“平安 险”承保的范围更大。

 

-- 确实是这样。“水渍险”与“平安险”是有些不同。“平安险”条款 不包括单独海损性质的部分损失,而“水渍险”条款当超过事先

 

 

 商定的百分比时,则包括此类损失。这是“水渍险”与“平安险”唯一不同之处。除此之外,“平安险”条款所承保的责任与 “水渍险”条款所承保的责任差不多相同。因为万一在运输途中遭遇海上意外事故,诸如搁浅、着火、爆炸或碰撞,这两种条款都全部赔偿单独海损的损失。

 

W: I don’t mean to annoy you, Mr. Jordan, but I don’t quite grasp this. Couldn’t you say it in simpler terms?

 

J: I’ll try. Neither the W.P.A. nor the F.P.A. mentions the risks covered or the risks excluded. The extent of in sur ance is stipulated in the basic policy form and in the various risks clauses. Look at the in sur ance certificates and you will find that the risks of theft and pilferage30, freshwater, oil, grease, hooks, breakage, leakage31, contamination, deterioration32, etc. are specifically mentioned and must be specifically applied for. These are special risks. F.P.A. stands for free of Particular Average?while W. P. A. or W.A. stands for With Particular Average?

 

W: Mr. Jordan, I must say that you have corrected my ideas about the insurance. I see now that this is far more complicated than I had imagined.

 

B: Now I know why you often point out to us the wording of some letter of credit which you don’t feel happy about. But what are we to do about it? We must keep to the stipulations of the contract and the letter of credit.

 

-- 乔丹先生,我并不想让你生气,但是我还是不太懂。你能否说得 简单一点?

 

-- 我试试看。无论“水渍险”还是“平安险”都不注明包括哪些险别 或者不包括哪些险别。 保险范围是写在基本保险单内和各种险别条 款里。你看保险凭证就会发现偷窃险、淡水险、油渍险、油污险、 钩损险、破碎险、渗漏险、沾污险、变质险等都特加注明,并且必 须特别申保。这些就是特别险。F.P.A.代表Free from Particular

 

Average(平安险),而W.P.A.W.A.代表 With Particular Average (水渍险)

 

-- 乔丹先生,我得说,你已经改正了我对保险的想法。我现在才明 白,这比我以前想象的要复杂多了。

 

-- 现在我才知道,你为什么经常向我们指出,你对某些信用证的措辞 感到不愉快。 但现在我们该怎么办呢?我们一定要遵守合约和信用 证的规定。

W: The blame does not only rest with the letter of credit. For an item like ceramics, I think the Light Industrial Products Corporation should have understood from our letter of cred it that we want ed to cover all the risks, including the risk of breakage. I must say the error was on both sides and I think the loss ought to be shar- ed by both parties, let us say half and half.

 

B: Our price calculation could hardly admit that. Besides, we act ed upon your instructions, so it is not our fault. But in view of our good relationship, we’ll supply you with a favorable offer to com- pensate some of your losses.

 

J: (rising) I sincerely hope that you will settle the matter to your mutual34 satisfaction.

 

W: It goes without saying that both parties must abide35 by the con- tract33 terms that we have agreed upon and signed. This blunder, which is due to my ignorance, has cost me a pret ty penny.

 

B: We also have learned a lesson from this.

 

W: Well, to compensate a part of the loss, as you suggested, may I ask you to make us a firm offer for 50,000 glazed36 wall tiles C.I.F. Manila including the risk of breakage, November shipment?

 

B: We’ll make you an offer tomorrow. Come and see us at 9 a.m.

 

W: Thank you. Tomorrow at 9 then.

-- 问题不只是信用证。对于陶瓷器来说,我想轻工业品公司应从我 们的信用证中领会到我们要保的是“一切险”,包括破碎险在内。 所以我得说双方都有错误,我认为损失应由双方承担,我们就对半 负担吧。

 

-- 我们的计价不容许这么做。此外,我们是根据你们的要求办理的, 所以这不是我们的过错。但鉴于我们之间的良好关系,我们准备给 你提供一个优惠报盘,借以补偿你方的一些损失。

 

-- (站起身来)我衷心希望,你们将这件事情解决至双方都满意。

 

-- 不用说,双方都必须遵守已经同意并已签署过的合约条款。这次疏 忽是由于我的无知,使我损失了不少钱。

 

-- 我们也从这件事吸取了教训。

 

-- 如你所说,为了赔偿一部分损失,可否请你们报给我们一个实盘: 五万块釉面瓷砖包括破碎险在内、马尼拉到岸价,11月份装船?

 

-- 我们明天报价给你,请在上午九点来吧。

 

-- 谢谢,那么明天九点再见。

 

 Words and Expressions

 

breakage [5breikidV] 破损险

leakage [5li:kidV] 渗漏险

glazed wall tile 釉面瓷砖

clarify [5klArifai] 澄清;阐明

recall [ ri5kC:l ] 回忆,记起

underwriter [5QndEraitE] 承保人,保险公司

concurrence37 [kEn5kQrEns] 结合;赞同

fortuity [ fC:5tjuiti ] 偶然,意外

mediator15 [`mi:dIeItE ] 调停人,中间人

coverage [ 5kQvEridV ] 保险项目

liability [ 7laiE5biliti ] 责任,义务

stranding [ `strAndiN ] 搁浅

 

wording [ 5wE:diN ] 措辞;用语

 

explosion [ iks5plEuVEn ] 爆炸

 

collision [ kE5liVEn ] 碰撞;冲突

 

deterioration [ di7tiEriE5reiFEn ] 变质(变坏)

 

premium [ 5primjEm ] 保险费

 

layman [5leImEn] 外行

 

fragility [frE5dViliti] 脆弱,易碎

 

inclusion [in5klu:VEn] 包括;包含

 

detrimental38 [7detri5mentl] 有害的,不利的

 

 

Notes

 

1. basic policy form 基本保险单(指印刷的保单文字)

 

2. to file a complaint 提出异议(申诉)

 

3. results from maritime accident 海上事故造成的结果

 

4. inherent vice 固有缺陷

 

5. to refuse to admit liability 拒绝承担责任

 

6. to be merely acting as mediators in this matter

在此事上仅仅作为中间调停人

 

7. within the scope of coverage 在承保险别范围内

 

8. to the satisfaction of 以满足

 

A Specimen39 Letter

 

Dear sirs

 

We are glad to inform you that your order No.124 will be shipped per s/s peace? due to leave here at the end of this month.

 

Unless otherwise instructed, we will arrange to take out an All Risks insurance policy for you on your order. This type of coverage is, in our opinion, necessary for a cargo of this nature.

 

Yours faithfully,

 

先生:

 

很高兴通知您,贵方124号订单的货物将装上“和平轮”,该轮定于本月底启程。

 

如不另行通知,我们将为你方货物投保一切险。我们认为,对这类货物投保这种险别是非常必要的。

 

Substitution Drills

 

 

1 As a rule, we don’t cover them unless you would like to.

need

insist

 

一般来说,我们不会投保这些险除非你们 愿意。

要求

坚决要求

 

2 You can be sure that we will have the merchandise insured as soon as they are shipped.

commodity

goods

 

 

你们可以放心,货物运输时,我们会给货物投保的。

 

保险


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 invoice m4exB     
vt.开发票;n.发票,装货清单
参考例句:
  • The seller has to issue a tax invoice.销售者必须开具税务发票。
  • We will then send you an invoice for the total course fees.然后我们会把全部课程费用的发票寄给你。
2 premium EPSxX     
n.加付款;赠品;adj.高级的;售价高的
参考例句:
  • You have to pay a premium for express delivery.寄快递你得付额外费用。
  • Fresh water was at a premium after the reservoir was contaminated.在水库被污染之后,清水便因稀而贵了。
3 franchise BQnzu     
n.特许,特权,专营权,特许权
参考例句:
  • Catering in the schools is run on a franchise basis.学校餐饮服务以特许权经营。
  • The United States granted the franchise to women in 1920.美国于1920年给妇女以参政权。
4 coverage nvwz7v     
n.报导,保险范围,保险额,范围,覆盖
参考例句:
  • There's little coverage of foreign news in the newspaper.报纸上几乎没有国外新闻报道。
  • This is an insurance policy with extensive coverage.这是一项承保范围广泛的保险。
5 par OK0xR     
n.标准,票面价值,平均数量;adj.票面的,平常的,标准的
参考例句:
  • Sales of nylon have been below par in recent years.近年来尼龙织品的销售额一直不及以往。
  • I don't think his ability is on a par with yours.我认为他的能力不能与你的能力相媲美。
6 extraneous el5yq     
adj.体外的;外来的;外部的
参考例句:
  • I can choose to ignore these extraneous thoughts.我可以选择无视这些外来的想法。
  • Reductant from an extraneous source is introduced.外来的还原剂被引进来。
7 con WXpyR     
n.反对的观点,反对者,反对票,肺病;vt.精读,学习,默记;adv.反对地,从反面;adj.欺诈的
参考例句:
  • We must be fair and consider the reason pro and con.我们必须公平考虑赞成和反对的理由。
  • The motion is adopted non con.因无人投反对票,协议被通过。
8 consignment 9aDyo     
n.寄售;发货;委托;交运货物
参考例句:
  • This last consignment of hosiery is quite up to standard.这批新到的针织品完全符合规格。
  • We have to ask you to dispatch the consignment immediately.我们得要求你立即发送该批货物。
9 compensate AXky7     
vt.补偿,赔偿;酬报 vi.弥补;补偿;抵消
参考例句:
  • She used her good looks to compensate her lack of intelligence. 她利用她漂亮的外表来弥补智力的不足。
  • Nothing can compensate for the loss of one's health. 一个人失去了键康是不可弥补的。
10 stipulated 5203a115be4ee8baf068f04729d1e207     
vt.& vi.规定;约定adj.[法]合同规定的
参考例句:
  • A delivery date is stipulated in the contract. 合同中规定了交货日期。
  • Yes, I think that's what we stipulated. 对呀,我想那是我们所订定的。 来自辞典例句
11 mar f7Kzq     
vt.破坏,毁坏,弄糟
参考例句:
  • It was not the custom for elderly people to mar the picnics with their presence.大人们照例不参加这样的野餐以免扫兴。
  • Such a marriage might mar your career.这样的婚姻说不定会毁了你的一生。
12 marine 77Izo     
adj.海的;海生的;航海的;海事的;n.水兵
参考例句:
  • Marine creatures are those which live in the sea. 海洋生物是生存在海里的生物。
  • When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时,他自愿参加了海军陆战队。
13 cargo 6TcyG     
n.(一只船或一架飞机运载的)货物
参考例句:
  • The ship has a cargo of about 200 ton.这条船大约有200吨的货物。
  • A lot of people discharged the cargo from a ship.许多人从船上卸下货物。
14 acting czRzoc     
n.演戏,行为,假装;adj.代理的,临时的,演出用的
参考例句:
  • Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她,她只是假装的。
  • During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代,她的表演生涯黯然失色。
15 mediator uCkxk     
n.调解人,中介人
参考例句:
  • He always takes the role of a mediator in any dispute.他总是在争论中充当调停人的角色。
  • He will appear in the role of mediator.他将出演调停者。
16 ceramics 0a6d841bb40f677207869b9f856b3b21     
n.制陶业;陶器
参考例句:
  • an exhibition of ceramics by Picasso 毕加索陶瓷作品展
  • The ceramics bore the imprint of Luca della Robbia. 陶器上印有卢卡·德拉·罗比亚的字样。
17 applied Tz2zXA     
adj.应用的;v.应用,适用
参考例句:
  • She plans to take a course in applied linguistics.她打算学习应用语言学课程。
  • This cream is best applied to the face at night.这种乳霜最好晚上擦脸用。
18 valid eiCwm     
adj.有确实根据的;有效的;正当的,合法的
参考例句:
  • His claim to own the house is valid.他主张对此屋的所有权有效。
  • Do you have valid reasons for your absence?你的缺席有正当理由吗?
19 detailed xuNzms     
adj.详细的,详尽的,极注意细节的,完全的
参考例句:
  • He had made a detailed study of the terrain.他对地形作了缜密的研究。
  • A detailed list of our publications is available on request.我们的出版物有一份详细的目录备索。
20 thoroughly sgmz0J     
adv.完全地,彻底地,十足地
参考例句:
  • The soil must be thoroughly turned over before planting.一定要先把土地深翻一遍再下种。
  • The soldiers have been thoroughly instructed in the care of their weapons.士兵们都系统地接受过保护武器的训练。
21 license B9TzU     
n.执照,许可证,特许;v.许可,特许
参考例句:
  • The foreign guest has a license on the person.这个外国客人随身携带执照。
  • The driver was arrested for having false license plates on his car.司机由于使用假车牌而被捕。
22 dents dents     
n.花边边饰;凹痕( dent的名词复数 );凹部;减少;削弱v.使产生凹痕( dent的第三人称单数 );损害;伤害;挫伤(信心、名誉等)
参考例句:
  • He hammered out the dents in the metal sheet. 他把金属板上的一些凹痕敲掉了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Tin dents more easily than steel. 锡比钢容易变瘪。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
23 stranding e218008cc786ec283498aa494bef8273     
n.(船只)搁浅v.使滞留,使搁浅( strand的现在分词 )
参考例句:
  • The airport had to be closed, stranding tourists. 机场被迫关闭,造成游客滞留。 来自辞典例句
  • The stream of history had changed course away from him, stranding him in failure. 历史潮流已经改变方向,与他背道而驰,使他陷于失败之中。 来自辞典例句
24 vessel 4L1zi     
n.船舶;容器,器皿;管,导管,血管
参考例句:
  • The vessel is fully loaded with cargo for Shanghai.这艘船满载货物驶往上海。
  • You should put the water into a vessel.你应该把水装入容器中。
25 vice NU0zQ     
n.坏事;恶习;[pl.]台钳,老虎钳;adj.副的
参考例句:
  • He guarded himself against vice.他避免染上坏习惯。
  • They are sunk in the depth of vice.他们堕入了罪恶的深渊。
26 layman T3wy6     
n.俗人,门外汉,凡人
参考例句:
  • These technical terms are difficult for the layman to understand.这些专门术语是外行人难以理解的。
  • He is a layman in politics.他对政治是个门外汉。
27 perils 3c233786f6fe7aad593bf1198cc33cbe     
极大危险( peril的名词复数 ); 危险的事(或环境)
参考例句:
  • The commander bade his men be undaunted in the face of perils. 指挥员命令他的战士要临危不惧。
  • With how many more perils and disasters would he load himself? 他还要再冒多少风险和遭受多少灾难?
28 maritime 62yyA     
adj.海的,海事的,航海的,近海的,沿海的
参考例句:
  • Many maritime people are fishermen.许多居于海滨的人是渔夫。
  • The temperature change in winter is less in maritime areas.冬季沿海的温差较小。
29 transit MglzVT     
n.经过,运输;vt.穿越,旋转;vi.越过
参考例句:
  • His luggage was lost in transit.他的行李在运送中丢失。
  • The canal can transit a total of 50 ships daily.这条运河每天能通过50条船。
30 pilferage QljzdM     
n.行窃,偷盗;v.偷窃
参考例句:
  • Pilferage in the warehouse reduces profitability by about two per cent.仓库中的失窃使利润损失了百分之二。
  • Presumably,this redundancy reduces petty embezzlement and pilferage,albeit at staggering costs.这种繁琐的手续大概是为了防止贪污和小偷小摸,却不管为此会付出多大的代价。
31 leakage H1dxq     
n.漏,泄漏;泄漏物;漏出量
参考例句:
  • Large areas of land have been contaminated by the leakage from the nuclear reactor.大片地区都被核反应堆的泄漏物污染了。
  • The continuing leakage is the result of the long crack in the pipe.这根管子上的那一条裂缝致使渗漏不断。
32 deterioration yvvxj     
n.退化;恶化;变坏
参考例句:
  • Mental and physical deterioration both occur naturally with age. 随着年龄的增长,心智和体力自然衰退。
  • The car's bodywork was already showing signs of deterioration. 这辆车的车身已经显示出了劣化迹象。
33 tract iJxz4     
n.传单,小册子,大片(土地或森林)
参考例句:
  • He owns a large tract of forest.他拥有一大片森林。
  • He wrote a tract on this subject.他曾对此写了一篇短文。
34 mutual eFOxC     
adj.相互的,彼此的;共同的,共有的
参考例句:
  • We must pull together for mutual interest.我们必须为相互的利益而通力合作。
  • Mutual interests tied us together.相互的利害关系把我们联系在一起。
35 abide UfVyk     
vi.遵守;坚持;vt.忍受
参考例句:
  • You must abide by the results of your mistakes.你必须承担你的错误所造成的后果。
  • If you join the club,you have to abide by its rules.如果你参加俱乐部,你就得遵守它的规章。
36 glazed 3sLzT8     
adj.光滑的,像玻璃的;上过釉的;呆滞无神的v.装玻璃( glaze的过去式);上釉于,上光;(目光)变得呆滞无神
参考例句:
  • eyes glazed with boredom 厌倦无神的眼睛
  • His eyes glazed over at the sight of her. 看到她时,他的目光就变得呆滞。 来自《简明英汉词典》
37 concurrence InAyF     
n.同意;并发
参考例句:
  • There is a concurrence of opinion between them.他们的想法一致。
  • The concurrence of their disappearances had to be more than coincidental.他们同时失踪肯定不仅仅是巧合。
38 detrimental 1l2zx     
adj.损害的,造成伤害的
参考例句:
  • We know that heat treatment is detrimental to milk.我们知道加热对牛奶是不利的。
  • He wouldn't accept that smoking was detrimental to health.他不相信吸烟有害健康。
39 specimen Xvtwm     
n.样本,标本
参考例句:
  • You'll need tweezers to hold up the specimen.你要用镊子来夹这标本。
  • This specimen is richly variegated in colour.这件标本上有很多颜色。
本文本内容来源于互联网抓取和网友提交,仅供参考,部分栏目没有内容,如果您有更合适的内容,欢迎点击提交分享给大家。
------分隔线----------------------------
顶一下
(4)
66.7%
踩一下
(2)
33.3%
最新评论 查看所有评论
发表评论 查看所有评论
请自觉遵守互联网相关的政策法规,严禁发布色情、暴力、反动的言论。
评价:
表情:
验证码:
听力搜索
推荐频道
论坛新贴