英国卫报：萨达姆雕像的倒塌：美军如何制造神话(3)

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The backlash was led by President Donald Trump¹, who signed an executive order declaring: "Many of the rioters, arsonists², and left-wing extremists who have carried out and supported these acts

美国总统唐纳德·特朗普带头发起了强烈反对，他签署了一项行政命令，宣布：“许多实施和支持这些行为的暴徒、纵火犯和左翼极端分子

have explicitly³ identified themselves with ideologies⁴ – such as Marxism – that call for the destruction of the United States system of government."

明确地将自己与马克思主义等意识形态等同起来，这些意识形态要求摧毁美国的政府体系。”

The order reiterated⁵ that those who damage federal property could face 10 years in jail.

该命令重申，破坏联邦财产的人可能面临10年监禁。

Boris Johnson, the British prime minister, said on Twitter that "those statues teach us about our past, with all its faults.

英国首相鲍里斯·约翰逊在推特上说，“这些雕像让我们了解了我们的过去，以及它所有的缺点。

To tear them down would be to lie about our history, and impoverish⁶ the education of generations to come."

如果把他们推倒，就等于对我们的历史撒谎，也会让下一代的教育变得贫瘠。”

The Conservative government announced that it would amend⁷ the Criminal Damage Act so anyone damaging a war memorial in Britain could also be looking at 10 years in prison.

保守党政府宣布将修改《刑事损害法》，任何破坏英国战争纪念碑的人也将面临10年监禁。

Museums and civic⁸ authorities were quick to react, too, though often in a different way.

博物馆和市政当局也迅速做出了反应，虽然通常是以不同的方式。

The day after the slave trader Colston's statue was pulled down, the Museum of London Docklands removed its own statue of another slave trader, Robert Milligan.

在奴隶贩子科尔斯顿的雕像被拆除的第二天，伦敦码头区博物馆拆除了它自己的另一名奴隶贩子罗伯特·米利根的雕像。

In the US and UK, rightwing Republican and Conservative administrations took the opportunity to position themselves as the champions of American and British civilisation⁹: the last defence against barbarism and "political correctness".

在美国和英国，共和党和保守党的右翼政府抓住机会，将自己定位为英美文明的捍卫者：对抗野蛮和“政治正确”的最后一道防线。

In September 2020, the British culture secretary, Oliver Dowden, wrote to museums, threatening them with funding cuts if they took any actions "motivated by activism or politics".

2020年9月，英国文化大臣奥利弗·道登致信博物馆，威胁称，如果它们采取任何“出于激进主义或政治动机”的行动，就会削减资金。

On the face of it, the attacks on statues in 2020 followed a pattern:

从表面上看，2020年对雕像的袭击遵循了一种模式：

those who cheered on the protesters pulling them down tended to be younger and more socially liberal, while those who were dismayed by the destruction tended to be older and more conservative.

那些为抗议者推倒雕像而欢呼的人往往是更年轻、更崇尚社会自由主义的人，而那些对破坏感到沮丧的人往往是更年长、更保守的人。

1 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

2 arsonists   

n.纵火犯( arsonist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The factory was destroyed in a fire started by arsonists. 工厂在纵火犯引起的火灾中烧毀了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Australian Attorney-General Robert McClelland said suspected arsonists could face murder charges. 澳大利亚总检察长罗伯特麦克莱兰说，怀疑纵火犯可能面临谋杀指控。 来自互联网

3 explicitly   

ad.明确地，显然地

参考例句：

• The plan does not explicitly endorse the private ownership of land. 该计划没有明确地支持土地私有制。
• SARA amended section 113 to provide explicitly for a right to contribution. 《最高基金修正与再授权法案》修正了第123条，清楚地规定了分配权。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法

4 ideologies   

n.思想（体系）( ideology的名词复数 )；思想意识；意识形态；观念形态

参考例句：

• There is no fundamental diversity between the two ideologies. 这两种思想意识之间并没有根本的分歧。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Radical ideologies require to contrast to their own goodness the wickedness of some other system. 凡是过激的意识形态，都需要有另外一个丑恶的制度作对比，才能衬托出自己的善良。 来自辞典例句

5 reiterated   

反复地说，重申( reiterate的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• "Well, I want to know about it,'she reiterated. “嗯，我一定要知道你的休假日期，"她重复说。 来自英汉文学 - 嘉莉妹妹
• Some twenty-two years later President Polk reiterated and elaborated upon these principles. 大约二十二年之后，波尔克总统重申这些原则并且刻意阐释一番。

6 impoverish   

vt.使穷困，使贫困

参考例句：

• We need to reduce the burden of taxes that impoverish the economy.我们需要减轻导致经济困顿的税收负荷。
• America still has enough credibility to a more profitable path that would impoverish its creditors slowly.美国尚有足够的信用来让其得以选择一条更加有利可图的路径使它的债权人们渐渐贫困枯竭。

7 amend   

vt.修改，修订，改进；n.[pl.]赔罪，赔偿

参考例句：

• The teacher advised him to amend his way of living.老师劝他改变生活方式。
• You must amend your pronunciation.你必须改正你的发音。

8 civic   

adj.城市的，都市的，市民的，公民的

参考例句：

• I feel it is my civic duty to vote.我认为投票选举是我作为公民的义务。
• The civic leaders helped to forward the project.市政府领导者协助促进工程的进展。

9 civilisation   

n.文明，文化，开化，教化

参考例句：

• Energy and ideas are the twin bases of our civilisation.能源和思想是我们文明的两大基石。
• This opera is one of the cultural totems of Western civilisation.这部歌剧是西方文明的文化标志物之一。