帅哥去哪儿了！苹果CEO宣布出柜

 　　帅哥们都去哪了？原来帅哥们都同性恋去了！好忧伤！当地时间30日，53岁的苹果CEO蒂姆·库克在《商业周刊》网站发表文章正式“出柜”引发关注，库克首次公开承认自己是同性恋，并表示，“为身为同性恋者感到很自豪”。

　　我们都知道“出柜”一词来自于英文表达come out of the closet，但是，研究发现，come out一词最早由同性恋团体使用时，它的意思跟现在并不相同。

　　"Coming out" has long been used in the gay community, but it first meant something different than it does now. "A gay man's coming out originally referred to his being formally presented to the largest collective manifestation¹ of prewar gay society, the enormous drag balls that were patterned on the debutante² and masquerade balls of the dominant³ culture and were regularly held in New York, Chicago, New Orleans, Baltimore, and other cities." The phrase "coming out" did not refer to coming out of hiding, but to joining into a society of peers. The phrase was borrowed from the world of debutante balls, where young women "came out" in being officially introduced to society.

　　“Coming out”这个表达一直在同性恋群体使用，但这个词的最初的意思跟现在的用法却有不同。“一个男同出柜一开始指的是正式参加战前男同团体举办的盛大集会。这 些集会规模庞大，可与主流社会举办的年轻上流女子聚会和化妆舞会相媲美，通常在纽约、芝加哥、新奥尔良、巴尔的摩以及其他城市举行。” “coming out”一词并不是指不再躲避，而是加入到自己的同伴之中。这个词是从上流女子舞会里借用过来的，当时年轻女子正式加入社交圈都称作“come out”。

　　There were other metaphors⁵ for the act of hiding or revealing homosexuality. Gay people could "wear a mask" or "take off the mask." A man could "wear his hair up" or "let his hair down," or "drop hairpins⁶" that would only be recognized by other gay men.

　　另外还有一些其他表示隐藏或公开同性取向的隐喻词。同性恋者可以“带上面具”或者“脱下面具”。一个人可以“挽起头发”或者“放下头发”，又或者“脱下发夹”，这个动作只有其他男同看得出。

　　It is unclear exactly when gay people started using the closet metaphor⁴, but "it may have been used initially⁷ because many men who remained 'covert⁸' thought of their homosexuality as a sort of 'skeleton in the closet.'" It may also have come from outsiders who viewed it that way. It seems that "coming out of the closet" was born as a mixture of two metaphors: a debutante proudly stepping into the arms of a community and a shocking secret being kept in hiding. Now the community is the wider community, and the secret is no longer shocking."Coming out" is a useful phrase, but it need not imply a closet.

　　男同使用“出柜”一词作隐喻的确切时间并清楚，不过“它最初 开始使用时，是因为很多男士对他们的同性恋身份仍然保持着‘隐密'思想，认为这像是“见不得光的秘密”。它也可能是外面的人这样想像的。看起来“出柜”的 出现是两个隐喻词的汇合：公开参加同一群体的社交活动，以及一个隐藏着的惊人秘密。现在的同性恋群体更加壮大，而这个秘密已不再让人惊奇了。“出柜”是一 个有用的说法，不过并不暗指隐秘。

1 manifestation   

n.表现形式；表明；现象

参考例句：

• Her smile is a manifestation of joy.她的微笑是她快乐的表现。
• What we call mass is only another manifestation of energy.我们称之为质量的东西只是能量的另一种表现形态。

2 debutante   

n.初入社交界的少女

参考例句：

• The debutante's photograph was at the head of the society page.那位初进社交界少女的照片登在社会版的最上头。
• She dazzled London society as the most beautiful debutante of her generation.她首次出现在伦敦社交界便艳惊四座，被视为同龄人里最美丽的年轻女子。

3 dominant   

adj.支配的，统治的；占优势的；显性的；n.主因，要素，主要的人(或物)；显性基因

参考例句：

• The British were formerly dominant in India.英国人从前统治印度。
• She was a dominant figure in the French film industry.她在法国电影界是个举足轻重的人物。

4 metaphor   

n.隐喻，暗喻

参考例句：

• Using metaphor,we say that computers have senses and a memory.打个比方，我们可以说计算机有感觉和记忆力。
• In poetry the rose is often a metaphor for love.玫瑰在诗中通常作为爱的象征。

5 metaphors   

隐喻( metaphor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• I can only represent it to you by metaphors. 我只能用隐喻来向你描述它。
• Thus, She's an angel and He's a lion in battle are metaphors. 因此她是天使，他是雄狮都是比喻说法。

6 hairpins   

n.发夹( hairpin的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The price of these hairpins are about the same. 这些发夹的价格大致相同。 来自互联网
• So the king gives a hundred hairpins to each of them. 所以国王送给她们每人一百个漂亮的发夹。 来自互联网

7 initially   

adv.最初，开始

参考例句：

• The ban was initially opposed by the US.这一禁令首先遭到美国的反对。
• Feathers initially developed from insect scales.羽毛最初由昆虫的翅瓣演化而来。

8 covert   

adj.隐藏的；暗地里的

参考例句：

• We should learn to fight with enemy in an overt and covert way.我们应学会同敌人做公开和隐蔽的斗争。
• The army carried out covert surveillance of the building for several months.军队对这座建筑物进行了数月的秘密监视。