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实用英语综合教程第三册-1

时间:2007-01-11 16:00来源:互联网 提供网友:belle0920   字体: [ ]
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UNIT 1
Text A

PRE-READING TASK

Exercise 1
The passage you are going to read is entitled "A Payment Greater Than Money." Try to answer the questions before reading the passage.

1. Which of the following do you think is more important? Make your choice and give your reason.
A. Money
B. Love
C. Friendship
D. Work
2. Guess what kind of payment might be greater than money according to the title of the passage.

Now read the passage and compare the writer's view with yours.

A Payment Greater Than Money

1. When I was 14, I earned money in the summer by mowing2 lawns, and I got to know people by the flowers I had to remember not to cut down, by the things stuck in the ground on purpose or by the things lost in the grass. I also learned something about my neighbors in Louisville, Ky., by their preferred method of payment: by the job, the month ——or not at all.
2. Mr Ballou fell into the last category, and he always had a reason. One day he had nothing smaller than a fifty. On another he was flat-out of checks; on another he was simply not home when I knocked on his door. Still, except for the money, he was a nice enough old guy, always waving or tipping his hat when he'd seen me from a distance. I figured him for a thin retirement3 check, maybe an injury that kept him from doing his own yardwork. I kept a running total, but didn't worry about the amount too much. Grass was grass, and the little that was Mr Ballou's didn't take long to trim.
3. Then one late afternoon in mid-July I was walking by his house, and he motioned me to come inside. The hall was cool, shaded, and it took my eyes a minute to adjust to the muted light.
4. "I owe you," Mr Ballou began, "but…"
5. I thought I'd save him the trouble of thinking up a new excuse. "No problem. Don't worry about it."
6. "The bank made a mistake in my account," he continued, ignoring my words. "It will be cleared up in a day or two. In the meantime I thought perhaps you could choose one or two volumes for a down payment."
7. He gestured toward the walls, and I saw books stacked everywhere. It was like a library, except with no order to the arrangement.
8. "Take your time," Mr Ballou encouraged. "Read, borrow, keep. Find something you like. What do you read?"
9. "I don't know." And I didn't. I generally read what I could get from the paperback4 rack at the drugstore or what I found at home —— magazines, the backs of cereal boxes, comics. The idea of consciously seeking out a special title was new to me, but not without appeal——so I browsed6 through the piles of books and asked, "You actually read all of these?"
10. Mr Ballou nodded. "This is just what I've kept, the ones worth looking at a second time."
11. "Pick for me then."
12. He raised his eyebrows8, cocked his head, regarded me appraisingly9 as though measuring me for a suit. After a moment, he searched through a stack and handed me a dark-red book, fairly thick.
13. "The Last of the Just," I read. "By Andre Schwarz-Bart. What's it about?"
14. "You tell me," he said. "Next week."
15. I started after supper, sitting outdoors on an uncomfortable kitchen chair. Within a few pages, the yard, the summer, disappeared, and I was plunged11 into the aching tragedy of the Holocaust12, the extraordinary clash of good, represented by one decent man, and evil. The language was elegant, simple, overwhelming. When the evening light finally failed, I moved inside and read all through the night.
16. To this day, 35 years later, I vividly13 remember the experience. I was astonished by the great power a novel could contain. I lacked the vocabulary to translate my feelings into words, so the next week, when Mr Ballou asked, "Well?" I replied, "It was good."
17. "Keep it then," he said. "Shall I suggest another?"
18. I nodded, and was presented with Margaret Mead14's classic study in anthropology15, coming of Age in Samoa.
19. To make two long stories short, Mr Ballou never paid me a dime16 for cutting his grass that year or the next, but, eventually, I would teach anthropology at Dartmouth College. And I learned that summer that reading was not the innocent pastime I had assumed it to be, not a breezy, instantly forgettable escape in a hammock (though I've enjoyed many of those too.) I discovered that a book, if it arrives at the right moment, in the proper season, will change the course of all that follows.

New Words

payment
n. 1. the act of paying 支付,付款
2. sum of money paid 支付的款项
3. reward for something 报偿

mow1
v. to cut (grass, etc.)割(草等)

lawn
n. an area of grass 草坪,草地

category
n. 种类

injury
n. harm, damage, wrongful treatment 伤害,不公平的待遇

yardwork
n. 庭院杂务活

trim
v. to make neat, even or tidy by cutting 修剪,整修

muted
a. (颜色、光线等)柔和的,不耀眼的

owe
v. 1. to have to pay 欠
2. to feel grateful 应感激

ignore
v. not to take notice of 不顾,忽视

meantime
n. the time between (two events) 其间

stack
v. to make into a neat pile 堆放
n. an orderly pile of things (一)堆,(一)叠

paperback
n. 平装本
a. 平装的

rack
n. 架子

drugstore
n. (美)(常兼售软饮料、化妆品、杂志等的)药店,杂货店

cereal
n. food made from grain 谷类食物

comic
n. 1. (常作comics)(报刊的)连环漫画栏
2. 连环漫画(册)

seek
v. (sought) to look (for); try to find or get 寻找

appeal
n. 1. power of attraction 吸引力
2. an earnest call for 呼吁,要求
v. 1. to make an earnest request 呼吁,要求
2. to be attractive or interesting (to someone) 有吸引力

browse5
v. to read here and there in books 随便翻阅, 浏览

eyebrow7
n. (=brow) 眉,眉毛

cock
v. to cause one's head to slope slightly 把头侧向一边

appraisingly
ad. 估量地

uncomfortable
a. not comfortable 不舒适的

plunge10
v. to (cause to) feel or be in a state of something (使)陷入

clash
n. an example of opposition17 or disagreement 不合,冲突

represent
v. to be symbol or example of 代表,表现

elegant
a. 优美,雅致

overwhelming
a. very large or great 势不可挡的

vivid
a. that produces a sharp clear picture in the mind 清晰的

vividly
ad. 清晰地

novel
n. 小说

classic
a. of the highest quality 最佳的,经典的

anthropology
n. 人类学

innocent
a. 1. (of things) harmless 无害的
2. (of people) simple 单纯的

pastime
n. something done to pass one's time in a pleasant way 消遣

breeze
n. 微风

breezy
a. 1. merry, light, and bright in manner 轻松活泼的,愉快的
2. 有微风,通风的

forgettable
a. that can be easily forgotten 易被忘记的,可能被忘的

hammock
n. 吊床

Phrases and Expressions

cut down
砍倒

on purpose
特意,故意

fall into
属于

think up
虚构, 编造,想出

clear up
澄清,解除,解决

in the meantime
与此同时

a down payment
定金,(分期付款的)初付款额

take one's time
不着急,慢慢来

seek out
找出

as though
好像,仿佛

plunge into
使陷入

Proper Names

Louisville
路易(斯)维尔(美国肯塔基州北部城市)

Ky.=Kentucky
肯塔基(美国州名)

Ballou
巴卢(人名)

Andre Schwarz-Bart
安德烈.施瓦茨巴特(人名)

the Holocaust
(第二次世界大战期间纳粹对犹太人的)大屠杀

Margaret Mead
玛格丽特.米德(人名)

Samoa (Islands)
萨摩亚群岛(南太平洋)

Dartmouth College
达特默思学院

Text B

PRE-READING TASK

Exercise 1
Before reading the passage, think over the questions.

1. Which of the following words can best describe the character of your mother?
A. open
B. frank
C. kind
D. talkative
E. shy
2. Can you give one or two examples to support your choice?

Now read the passage and try to find out what the author thinks of her mother.

My Mother's Desk

1. I'm sitting at my mother's desk, a mahogany secretary with a writing leaf that folds down to reveal rows of cubbyholes and tiny drawers—even a sliding secret compartment18. I've loved it since I was just tall enough to see above the leaf as Mother sat doing letters. Standing19 by her chair, staring at the ink bottle, pens and smooth white paper, I decided20 that the act of writing must be the most delightful21 thing in the world.
2. Years later, during her final illness, Mother reserved various items for my sister and brother. "But the desk," she'd repeat, "is for Elizabeth." I sensed Mother communicating with this gift, a communication I'd craved23 for 50 years.
3. My mother was brought up in the Victorian belief that emotions were private. Nice people said only nice things. I never saw her angry, never saw her cry. I knew she loved me; she expressed it in action. But as a teen-ager I yearned25 for heart-to-heart talks between mother and daughter.
4. They never happened. And a gulf26 opened between us. I was "too emotional". She lived "on the surface." She was willing to accept the relationship on these terms. I was not.
5. As years passed and I raised my own family, I loved the equilibrium27 Mother's visits brought to our home, her sense of humor, the way she sat at the piano and filled the house with music. But still I kept trying to draw from her what she could not give, a sharing of the deep places of her heart.
6. At last I set my feelings down on paper. Only one page, the letter took all day to write. I told Mother I loved her and thanked her for our harmonious28 home. Forgive me, I wrote, for having been critical. In careful words, I asked her to let me know in any way she chose that she did forgive me.
7. I mailed the letter and waited eagerly for her reply. None came.
8. Eagerness turned to disappointment, then resignation and, finally, peace. I couldn't be sure that the letter had even gotten to Mother. I only knew that having written it, I could stop trying to make her into someone she was not. For the last 15 years of her life we enjoyed a relationship on her terms — light, affectionate, cheerful.
9. Now the gift of her desk told me, as she'd never been able to, that she was pleased that writing was my chosen work.
10. My sister stored the desk until we could pick it up. Then it stayed in our attic29 for nearly a year while we converted a bedroom into a study.
11. When at last I brought the desk down, it was dusty from months of storage. Lovingly, I polished the drawers and cubbyholes. Pulling out the secret compartment, I found papers inside. A photograph of my father. Family wedding announcements. And a one-page letter, folded and refolded many times.
12. Send me a reply, my letter asks, in any way you choose. Mother, you always chose the act that speaks louder than words.

New Words

mahogany
n. 1. 红木
2. 赤褐色

Secretary
n. 1. 写字桌,上部附有书橱的写字桌
2. 秘书

leaf
n. 1. 活动桌板
2. 叶,叶子

cubbyhole
n. (书桌等的)格架

drawer
n. 抽屉

slide
v. (使)滑动,(使)滑行

sliding
a. 滑动的,滑行的

Compartment
n. one of the parts into which an enclosed space is divided 分隔的空间

crave22
v. to have a very strong desire for 渴望得到

emotion
n. any of the strong feelings of the human spirit 情感

yearn24
v. to have a strong, loving or sad desire 渴望,向往

gulf
n. 1. a great area of division or difference 不可逾越的鸿沟
2. a large deep stretch of sea 海湾

equilibrium
n. a state of balance 平衡

harmonious
n. 和睦的,融洽的

forgive
v. (forgave, forgiven) to say or feel that one is no longer angry about something 原谅

critical
a. 1. finding fault 爱挑剔的
2. 紧要的,关键性的

eager
a. keen; full of interest or desire 热切的,渴望的

eagerly
ad. in an eager manner 热切地,渴望地

disappoint
v. to fail to fulfill30 the hopes of a person 使失望

disappointment
n. the state of being disappointed 失望

resign
v. 1. to give up; give up a job or a position 放弃,辞职
2. to accept something one does not like 听任,顺从,屈从

resignation
n. an act of resigning 听任,顺从,屈从

affectionate
n. showing gentle love 温柔亲切的,充满深情的

cheerful
a. pleasant; causing a happy feeling 令人愉快的

attic
n. 阁楼

dusty
a. dry and covered with dust 灰尘覆盖的

lovingly
ad. 精心地,煞费苦心地

announcement
n. a statement saying what has happened or what will happen 宣布,宣告

Phrases and Expressions

fold down
把…翻下

bring up
抚养,教育

yearn for
渴望,向往

set down
写下,记下

turn to
变成,转向

on one's (own) terms
按照(自己的)主张

convert…into
把…改建成…

Proper Names

Elizabeth
伊丽莎白(人名)

Victorian
维多利亚式的


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 mow c6SzC     
v.割(草、麦等),扫射,皱眉;n.草堆,谷物堆
参考例句:
  • He hired a man to mow the lawn.他雇人割草。
  • We shall have to mow down the tall grass in the big field.我们得把大田里的高草割掉。
2 mowing 2624de577751cbaf6c6d7c6a554512ef     
n.割草,一次收割量,牧草地v.刈,割( mow的现在分词 )
参考例句:
  • The lawn needs mowing. 这草坪的草该割了。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
  • "Do you use it for mowing?" “你是用它割草么?” 来自汉英文学 - 中国现代小说
3 retirement TWoxH     
n.退休,退职
参考例句:
  • She wanted to enjoy her retirement without being beset by financial worries.她想享受退休生活而不必为金钱担忧。
  • I have to put everything away for my retirement.我必须把一切都积蓄起来以便退休后用。
4 paperback WmEzIh     
n.平装本,简装本
参考例句:
  • A paperback edition is now available at bookshops.平装本现在在书店可以买到。
  • Many books that are out of print are reissued in paperback form.许多绝版的书籍又以平装本形式重新出现。
5 browse GSWye     
vi.随意翻阅,浏览;(牛、羊等)吃草
参考例句:
  • I had a browse through the books on her shelf.我浏览了一下她书架上的书。
  • It is a good idea to browse through it first.最好先通篇浏览一遍。
6 browsed 86f80e78b89bd7dd8de908c9e6adfe44     
v.吃草( browse的过去式和过去分词 );随意翻阅;(在商店里)随便看看;(在计算机上)浏览信息
参考例句:
  • I browsed through some magazines while I waited. 我边等边浏览几本杂志。 来自辞典例句
  • I browsed through the book, looking at page after page. 我翻开了一下全书,一页又一页。 来自互联网
7 eyebrow vlOxk     
n.眉毛,眉
参考例句:
  • Her eyebrow is well penciled.她的眉毛画得很好。
  • With an eyebrow raised,he seemed divided between surprise and amusement.他一只眉毛扬了扬,似乎既感到吃惊,又觉有趣。
8 eyebrows a0e6fb1330e9cfecfd1c7a4d00030ed5     
眉毛( eyebrow的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Eyebrows stop sweat from coming down into the eyes. 眉毛挡住汗水使其不能流进眼睛。
  • His eyebrows project noticeably. 他的眉毛特别突出。
9 appraisingly bb03a485a7668ad5d2958424cf17facf     
adv.以品评或评价的眼光
参考例句:
  • He looked about him appraisingly. 他以品评的目光环视四周。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
  • She sat opposite him on the bench and studied him-wryly, appraisingly, curiously. 她坐在他对面的凳子上,仔细打量着他--带着嘲笑、揣摩和好奇的神情。 来自辞典例句
10 plunge 228zO     
v.跳入,(使)投入,(使)陷入;猛冲
参考例句:
  • Test pool's water temperature before you plunge in.在你跳入之前你应该测试水温。
  • That would plunge them in the broil of the two countries.那将会使他们陷入这两国的争斗之中。
11 plunged 06a599a54b33c9d941718dccc7739582     
v.颠簸( plunge的过去式和过去分词 );暴跌;骤降;突降
参考例句:
  • The train derailed and plunged into the river. 火车脱轨栽进了河里。
  • She lost her balance and plunged 100 feet to her death. 她没有站稳,从100英尺的高处跌下摔死了。
12 holocaust dd5zE     
n.大破坏;大屠杀
参考例句:
  • The Auschwitz concentration camp always remind the world of the holocaust.奥辛威茨集中营总是让世人想起大屠杀。
  • Ahmadinejad is denying the holocaust because he's as brutal as Hitler was.内贾德否认大屠杀,因为他像希特勒一样残忍。
13 vividly tebzrE     
adv.清楚地,鲜明地,生动地
参考例句:
  • The speaker pictured the suffering of the poor vividly.演讲者很生动地描述了穷人的生活。
  • The characters in the book are vividly presented.这本书里的人物写得栩栩如生。
14 mead BotzAK     
n.蜂蜜酒
参考例句:
  • He gave me a cup of mead.他给我倒了杯蜂蜜酒。
  • He drank some mead at supper.晚饭时他喝了一些蜂蜜酒。
15 anthropology zw2zQ     
n.人类学
参考例句:
  • I believe he has started reading up anthropology.我相信他已开始深入研究人类学。
  • Social anthropology is centrally concerned with the diversity of culture.社会人类学主要关于文化多样性。
16 dime SuQxv     
n.(指美国、加拿大的钱币)一角
参考例句:
  • A dime is a tenth of a dollar.一角银币是十分之一美元。
  • The liberty torch is on the back of the dime.自由火炬在一角硬币的反面。
17 opposition eIUxU     
n.反对,敌对
参考例句:
  • The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
  • The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。
18 compartment dOFz6     
n.卧车包房,隔间;分隔的空间
参考例句:
  • We were glad to have the whole compartment to ourselves.真高兴,整个客车隔间由我们独享。
  • The batteries are safely enclosed in a watertight compartment.电池被安全地置于一个防水的隔间里。
19 standing 2hCzgo     
n.持续,地位;adj.永久的,不动的,直立的,不流动的
参考例句:
  • After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。
  • They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。
20 decided lvqzZd     
adj.决定了的,坚决的;明显的,明确的
参考例句:
  • This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
  • There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。
21 delightful 6xzxT     
adj.令人高兴的,使人快乐的
参考例句:
  • We had a delightful time by the seashore last Sunday.上星期天我们在海滨玩得真痛快。
  • Peter played a delightful melody on his flute.彼得用笛子吹奏了一支欢快的曲子。
22 crave fowzI     
vt.渴望得到,迫切需要,恳求,请求
参考例句:
  • Many young children crave attention.许多小孩子渴望得到关心。
  • You may be craving for some fresh air.你可能很想呼吸呼吸新鲜空气。
23 craved e690825cc0ddd1a25d222b7a89ee7595     
渴望,热望( crave的过去式 ); 恳求,请求
参考例句:
  • She has always craved excitement. 她总渴望刺激。
  • A spicy, sharp-tasting radish was exactly what her stomach craved. 她正馋着想吃一个香甜可口的红萝卜呢。
24 yearn nMjzN     
v.想念;怀念;渴望
参考例句:
  • We yearn to surrender our entire being.我们渴望着放纵我们整个的生命。
  • Many people living in big cities yearn for an idyllic country life.现在的很多都市人向往那种田园化的生活。
25 yearned df1a28ecd1f3c590db24d0d80c264305     
渴望,切盼,向往( yearn的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • The people yearned for peace. 人民渴望和平。
  • She yearned to go back to the south. 她渴望回到南方去。
26 gulf 1e0xp     
n.海湾;深渊,鸿沟;分歧,隔阂
参考例句:
  • The gulf between the two leaders cannot be bridged.两位领导人之间的鸿沟难以跨越。
  • There is a gulf between the two cities.这两座城市间有个海湾。
27 equilibrium jiazs     
n.平衡,均衡,相称,均势,平静
参考例句:
  • Change in the world around us disturbs our inner equilibrium.我们周围世界的变化扰乱了我们内心的平静。
  • This is best expressed in the form of an equilibrium constant.这最好用平衡常数的形式来表示。
28 harmonious EdWzx     
adj.和睦的,调和的,和谐的,协调的
参考例句:
  • Their harmonious relationship resulted in part from their similar goals.他们关系融洽的部分原因是他们有着相似的目标。
  • The room was painted in harmonious colors.房间油漆得色彩调和。
29 attic Hv4zZ     
n.顶楼,屋顶室
参考例句:
  • Leakiness in the roof caused a damp attic.屋漏使顶楼潮湿。
  • What's to be done with all this stuff in the attic?顶楼上的材料怎么处理?
30 fulfill Qhbxg     
vt.履行,实现,完成;满足,使满意
参考例句:
  • If you make a promise you should fulfill it.如果你许诺了,你就要履行你的诺言。
  • This company should be able to fulfill our requirements.这家公司应该能够满足我们的要求。
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