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VOA双语新闻:墨西哥湾油污的后续处理

时间:2011-04-14 06:52来源:互联网 提供网友:oo6624   字体: [ ]
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  The arrival of oil-tainted waste to federally approved landfills across the Gulf1 coast is raising concerns are raised about the potential impact on the environment and public health.
An estimated 700 million liters of oil have spilled into the Gulf of Mexico since the April 20th explosion of the Deepwater Horizon drilling rig.
今年4月20号发生的墨西哥湾钻井平台爆炸事件导致7亿升石油泄漏,并侵入墨西哥湾沿岸海滩和湿地。
As the oil has spread and washed ashore2 at Gulf Coast beaches and wetlands, cleanup crews have been trying to scoop3 up what they can. The've collected tons of oily waste that's now being dumped in landfills in Alabama, Florida, Louisiana and Mississippi.
清污工人努力捞起油污,把成吨的油污运往阿拉巴马、佛罗里达、路易斯安那和密西西比州的垃圾掩埋场。
Residents and environmentalists worry about the long-term effects of the oily trash.
当地居民担心这些油污会对公众健康和当地环境产生影响。
New waste entering landfills
People who live near waste landfills are accustomed to seeing trucks dumping normal household waste such as food, packaging, appliances, furniture and yard cuttings.
住在垃圾掩埋场附近的居民习惯看到卡车将一般家庭垃圾运送到掩埋场,这都是些食物残渣、包装盒、废旧电器、家具和草屑树枝等。
But the sight of workers wearing white protective suits and gloves hauling in tons of oil-contaminated waste - including bags of sandy tar4 balls, vegetation, used oil booms, rags and other clean-up supplies - has caused alarm among some Gulf coast communities. They're concerned about potentially toxic5 waste entering their local landfills.
但是穿着防护服的人运来成吨沾满焦油的沙球、植物、破拦油栅和沾满油污的破布等,引起一些海湾沿岸社区居民的警惕。他们担心这些东西可能含有有毒物质。
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has agreed to allow BP, the British oil company responsible for the spill and its cleanup, to dispose of solid oil waste in approved landfills along the U.S. Gulf Coast.
美国环保署同意这次事故的责任方BP公司将清理出来的固体油污运到美国海湾沿岸经批准的垃圾掩埋场。
No liquid oil waste will be dumped.
这其中不包括任何液体油污。
Protected sites
Jeremy O'Brien sees no problem with this strategy.
欧布莱恩认为这种作法没有任何不妥之处。
He is the director of applied6 research for the Solid Waste Association of North America, a professional organization that promotes the efficient and environmentally-sound management of municipal solid waste. O'Brien notes that composite liners underneath7 and above landfill waste offer protection to the environment. Additionally, two feet of clay under the liner offers increased protection to the groundwater.
杰里米·欧布莱恩是北美固体废物协会的负责人,这是一个倡导以高效环保方式处理固体废物的专业性团体。
"So the bottom portion of the landfill is designed to prevent any leachate that's generated by the landfill from exiting the landfill and contaminating the groundwater," says O'Brien. "They've been installed for the last almost 15 years now and tests show that they work very well."
他说:“人们认为最重要的是,垃圾掩埋场要有复合材质的基底和表层覆盖系统。在塑料层下面,是两英尺的厚实粘土。这样的底部是为了防止垃圾填埋场污染地下水。这套系统已经使用了15年,测试表明效果很好。”
Waste Management is a private company that operates several of the landfills that are receiving BP oil cleanup waste. Spokesman Ken8 Haldin says a combination of testing by BP, the Environmental Protection Agency and landfill operators, including Waste Management, should ensure that debris9 from the oil cleanup can safely be added to household waste in these facilities. He adds that landfills can easily accommodate the unexpected additional waste.
废弃物管理公司是家私人企业,经营着好几处接收BP油污废弃物的垃圾掩埋场。公司发言人肯·霍尔丁表示,BP、环保署和填埋运营商的各项检验,应该确保油污废弃物可以安全地和家庭垃圾填埋在一起。他补充说,垃圾填埋场可以很轻易地容纳这些额外的废弃物。
Like other kinds of trash dumped into landfills, the waste from the Gulf cleanup will eventually decompose10, releasing a variety of gases and liquids which are vented11 or disposed of in turn. But in certain landfills, including some accepting the BP cleanup, waste, heat and methane12 gas produced by decomposition13 are being used to generate energy. Two hectares of treated landfill can generate enough electricity to power several thousand homes.
Best option
Still, there are potential hazards associated with dumping the Gulf oil waste into landfills.
不过,把油污废弃物运到垃圾填埋场还是有潜在的风险。
Allen Hershkowitz with the Natural Resources Defense14 Council, a private environmental group, says air quality around landfill sites must be carefully checked when oil-contaminated waste is added to normal household trash.
私人环保团体“自然资源保护委员会”的艾伦·赫什诺维茨说,垃圾掩埋场接收油污废弃物之后,一定要监控周围的空气品质。
According to Hershkowitz, no landfill liner system is completely leak-proof, meaning there is some possibility that the industrial quantities of waste coming from the oil cleanup could pollute local underground water supplies.
他补充道,没有任何底衬系统是绝对防漏的,也就是说,油污废弃物还是有可能污染地下水。
"So what this points out is that these types of oil disasters are not only posing risks to marine15 life and to fisheries and to the economy of coastal16 communities," he says. "They also pose long-term risks to those communities hosting the landfills where the oil saturated17 materials are being deposited."
“这意味着,这类石油灾害,不仅威胁到海洋生物、捕捞业和沿海地区经济,而且对接收油污废弃物的垃圾掩埋场附近的社区也有长期的风险,因为最终垃圾掩埋场还是会渗透。大量的油污废弃物本不应该运往市区的垃圾掩埋场。”
Hershkowitz says, ideally, the Gulf cleanup's oily trash should be disposed of in an energy-producing furnace, but there are currently no facilities large enough to handle the volume of waste being generated by the cleanup efforts.
赫什诺维茨说,理想的情况是,这些油污废弃物应该让能够产生能源的焚化炉处理,只是目前没有足够大的设施去处理如此大量的废弃物。
Another option, is to put the waste aside and dispose of it properly when resources are available. But the environmental waste expert concedes that for the time being, landfills are the only practical option.
他表示,还有一种做法是先把这些废弃物放置一处,留待将来条件具备时再进行处理。但是专家承认,目前看来,垃圾掩埋场是唯一的选择。


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 gulf 1e0xp     
n.海湾;深渊,鸿沟;分歧,隔阂
参考例句:
  • The gulf between the two leaders cannot be bridged.两位领导人之间的鸿沟难以跨越。
  • There is a gulf between the two cities.这两座城市间有个海湾。
2 ashore tNQyT     
adv.在(向)岸上,上岸
参考例句:
  • The children got ashore before the tide came in.涨潮前,孩子们就上岸了。
  • He laid hold of the rope and pulled the boat ashore.他抓住绳子拉船靠岸。
3 scoop QD1zn     
n.铲子,舀取,独家新闻;v.汲取,舀取,抢先登出
参考例句:
  • In the morning he must get his boy to scoop it out.早上一定得叫佣人把它剜出来。
  • Uh,one scoop of coffee and one scoop of chocolate for me.我要一勺咖啡的和一勺巧克力的。
4 tar 1qOwD     
n.柏油,焦油;vt.涂或浇柏油/焦油于
参考例句:
  • The roof was covered with tar.屋顶涂抹了一层沥青。
  • We use tar to make roads.我们用沥青铺路。
5 toxic inSwc     
adj.有毒的,因中毒引起的
参考例句:
  • The factory had accidentally released a quantity of toxic waste into the sea.这家工厂意外泄漏大量有毒废物到海中。
  • There is a risk that toxic chemicals might be blasted into the atmosphere.爆炸后有毒化学物质可能会进入大气层。
6 applied Tz2zXA     
adj.应用的;v.应用,适用
参考例句:
  • She plans to take a course in applied linguistics.她打算学习应用语言学课程。
  • This cream is best applied to the face at night.这种乳霜最好晚上擦脸用。
7 underneath VKRz2     
adj.在...下面,在...底下;adv.在下面
参考例句:
  • Working underneath the car is always a messy job.在汽车底下工作是件脏活。
  • She wore a coat with a dress underneath.她穿着一件大衣,里面套着一条连衣裙。
8 ken k3WxV     
n.视野,知识领域
参考例句:
  • Such things are beyond my ken.我可不懂这些事。
  • Abstract words are beyond the ken of children.抽象的言辞超出小孩所理解的范围.
9 debris debris     
n.瓦砾堆,废墟,碎片
参考例句:
  • After the bombing there was a lot of debris everywhere.轰炸之后到处瓦砾成堆。
  • Bacteria sticks to food debris in the teeth,causing decay.细菌附着在牙缝中的食物残渣上,导致蛀牙。
10 decompose knPzS     
vi.分解;vt.(使)腐败,(使)腐烂
参考例句:
  • The eggs began to decompose after a day in the sun.鸡蛋在太阳下放了一天后开始变坏。
  • Most animals decompose very quickly after death.大多数动物死后很快腐烂。
11 vented 55ee938bf7df64d83f63bc9318ecb147     
表达,发泄(感情,尤指愤怒)( vent的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • He vented his frustration on his wife. 他受到挫折却把气发泄到妻子身上。
  • He vented his anger on his secretary. 他朝秘书发泄怒气。
12 methane t1Eyx     
n.甲烷,沼气
参考例句:
  • The blast was caused by pockets of methane gas that ignited.爆炸是由数袋甲烷气体着火引起的。
  • Methane may have extraterrestrial significance.甲烷具有星际意义。
13 decomposition AnFzT     
n. 分解, 腐烂, 崩溃
参考例句:
  • It is said that the magnetite was formed by a chemical process called thermal decomposition. 据说这枚陨星是在热分解的化学过程中形成的。
  • The dehydration process leads to fairly extensive decomposition of the product. 脱水过程会导致产物相当程度的分解。
14 defense AxbxB     
n.防御,保卫;[pl.]防务工事;辩护,答辩
参考例句:
  • The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
  • The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。
15 marine 77Izo     
adj.海的;海生的;航海的;海事的;n.水兵
参考例句:
  • Marine creatures are those which live in the sea. 海洋生物是生存在海里的生物。
  • When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时,他自愿参加了海军陆战队。
16 coastal WWiyh     
adj.海岸的,沿海的,沿岸的
参考例句:
  • The ocean waves are slowly eating away the coastal rocks.大海的波浪慢慢地侵蚀着岸边的岩石。
  • This country will fortify the coastal areas.该国将加强沿海地区的防御。
17 saturated qjEzG3     
a.饱和的,充满的
参考例句:
  • The continuous rain had saturated the soil. 连绵不断的雨把土地淋了个透。
  • a saturated solution of sodium chloride 氯化钠饱和溶液
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