英国卫报：迷失在网络里的青少年黑客(4)

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If computers were merely tools for his parents, for Edwin they were a gateway¹ to adventure, to understanding and, most of all, to recognition.

如果说计算机对他的父母来说只是工具，那么对埃德温来说，它们是通往冒险、理解和最重要的认可的大门。

They let him do whatever he wanted.

他们让他做任何他想做的事。

If he felt like gaming, he’d boot up Windows.

如果他想玩游戏，他会启动Windows。

But more often he chose Linux, his go-to operating system.

但更多时候，他选择Linux，这是他常用的操作系统。

From there he opened different virtual devices so that he could adopt multiple personas.

从那里，他打开不同的虚拟设备，以便可以采用多种角色。

On forums² he met like-minded kids his age from all over the world who spent entire days at their computers and made the kinds of social connections online that they couldn’t in the real world.

在论坛上，他遇到了来自世界各地与他年龄相仿的孩子，他们整日对着电脑，在网上建立他们在现实世界中无法建立的各种社会关系。

Quiet and reclusive kids, mostly.

他们大多是安静的、隐居的孩子。

Cloaked in made-up identities, they chatted about computers, girls and going out, and devised tricks to infiltrate³ private computer networks.

他们隐藏在虚假的身份中，聊着电脑、女孩和外出，并设计了渗透到私人电脑网络中的技巧。

Online, Edwin was either xS or YUI – the latter a nod to the Japanese singer Yui, of whom he was a big fan.

在网上，埃德温要么是XS，要么是YUI--后者是对日本歌手Yui的赞誉，他是Yui的忠实粉丝。

As YUI, he was different.

作为YUI，他与众不同。

Bolder, more self-assured.

他表现得更大胆，更自信。

Online, quiet Edwin with the shy smile came alive.

在网上，带着羞涩笑容的安静的埃德温变得活跃起来。

On chat channels he met an Australian, “Dwaan”, and an American, “Sabu”, in 2011.

2011年，他在聊天频道认识了一个澳大利亚人 "Dwaan "和一个美国人 "Sabu"。

The three talked about hacking⁴, and his new friends showed Edwin places they had managed to break in.

这三个人谈到了黑客行为，他的新朋友向埃德温展示了他们成功破解的地方。

Sabu, as it happens, was a big shot in the digital world.

恰好，萨布是数字世界中的一个大人物。

He was the leader of LulzSec, a collective whose six members attacked a range of organisations and hacked⁵ the websites of big companies in 2011 to expose their shoddy security.

他是LulzSec的领导人，这个组织的六名成员在2011年攻击了一系列组织，并入侵了大公司的网站，以揭露其低劣的安全性。

Though teasing in some cases, in others their antics had serious consequences, such as when the group stole data belonging to more than 70,000 US contestants⁶ on the popular TV show The X Factor, in retaliation⁷ for an alleged⁸ insult to the rapper Common.

虽然在某些情况下是戏弄，但在其他情况下，他们的滑稽行为造成了严重的后果，例如，该组织窃取了属于流行电视节目《X因素》中7万多名美国参赛者的数据，以报复对说唱歌手Common的侮辱行为。

Also targeted by LulzSec were the Sony PlayStation Network and the website of the CIA.

LulzSec的目标还有索尼PlayStation网络和中央情报局的网站。

Several investigation⁹ agencies were hunting for Sabu but, like Edwin, he took care to cover his tracks.

一些调查机构正在追捕萨布，但和埃德温一样，他很注意掩盖自己的行踪。

All the kids went by aliases¹⁰ on chat channels, some of which also required passwords to get in.

所有的孩子都在聊天频道中使用化名，其中一些频道还需要密码才能进入。

Plus, they never logged on directly from their home connections, but, rather, through a secure virtual private network (VPN).

此外，他们从不直接从家庭连接中登录，而是通过安全的虚拟专用网络（VPN）登录。

Edwin connected to a VPN server first, then went online anonymously¹².

埃德温首先连接到一个VPN服务器，然后匿名上网。

It took some discipline.

这需要一定的规则。

Forgetting to use VPN just once would instantly make his home IP address visible for anyone to see.

只要忘记使用VPN一次，他的家庭IP地址就会立即被任何人看到。

After a while, Edwin found his way into chat channels where the serious hackers¹³ converged¹⁴.

一段时间后，埃德温发现自己进入了严重黑客聚集的聊天频道。

Winning their trust was a first and crucial step, because police were also lurking¹⁵, trying to infiltrate using fake identities.

赢得他们的信任是第一步，也是关键的一步，因为警察也在潜伏，试图用假身份进行渗透。

At 16, Edwin was orbiting LulzSec as well as a looser collective called Anonymous¹¹. Though not a member himself, he hung out on their chat channels.

16岁时，埃德温游走在LulzSec以及一个更松散的集体，名为 "匿名者 "。虽然他不是其中的成员，但他在他们的聊天频道上闲逛。

These were exciting times in the hacking world.

这是黑客世界中令人兴奋的时代。

Members of Anonymous had been targeting a succession of organisations and declaring their solidarity¹⁶ with WikiLeaks, which was publishing hundreds of thousands of US diplomatic communications.

匿名者组织的成员一直以一系列组织为目标，并宣布他们对维基解密的声援，该组织公布了数十万份美国外交通讯。

When Julian Assange’s whistleblower website was blocked by the payment services PayPal, Mastercard and Visa, cutting off lots of donations to WikiLeaks, Anonymous struck back with a DDoS attack that took out the payment services’ websites and inflicted¹⁷ an estimated $5.5m in losses.

当朱利安-阿桑奇的举报网站被PayPal、Mastercard和Visa支付服务封锁，切断了大量对维基解密的捐款时，匿名者用DDoS攻击进行反击，破坏了支付服务的网站，造成了约550万美元的损失。

One member would ultimately end up doing 18 months in prison in the UK.

一名成员最终在英国被关押了18个月。

1 gateway   

n.大门口，出入口，途径，方法

参考例句：

• Hard work is the gateway to success.努力工作是通往成功之路。
• A man collected tolls at the gateway.一个人在大门口收通行费。

2 forums   

讨论会； 座谈会； 广播专题讲话节目； 集会的公共场所( forum的名词复数 )； 论坛，讨论会，专题讨论节目； 法庭

参考例句：

• A few of the forums were being closely monitored by the administrators. 有些论坛被管理员严密监控。
• It can cast a dark cloud over these forums. 它将是的论坛上空布满乌云。

3 infiltrate   

vt./vi.渗入，透过；浸润

参考例句：

• The teacher tried to infiltrate her ideas into the children's minds.老师设法把她的思想渗透到孩子们的心中。
• It can infiltrate as much as 100 kilometers into enemy territory at night.可以在夜间深入敌领土100千米。

4 hacking   

n.非法访问计算机系统和数据库的活动

参考例句：

• The patient with emphysema is hacking all day. 这个肺气肿病人整天不断地干咳。
• We undertook the task of hacking our way through the jungle. 我们负责在丛林中开路。

5 hacked   

生气

参考例句：

• I hacked the dead branches off. 我把枯树枝砍掉了。
• I'm really hacked off. 我真是很恼火。

6 contestants   

n.竞争者，参赛者( contestant的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The competition attracted over 500 contestants representing 8 different countries. 这次比赛吸引了代表8个不同国家的500多名参赛者。
• Two candidates are emerging as contestants for the presidency. 两位候选人最终成为总统职位竞争者。 来自《简明英汉词典》

7 retaliation   

n.报复，反击

参考例句：

• retaliation against UN workers 对联合国工作人员的报复
• He never said a single word in retaliation. 他从未说过一句反击的话。 来自《简明英汉词典》

8 alleged   

a.被指控的，嫌疑的

参考例句：

• It was alleged that he had taken bribes while in office. 他被指称在任时收受贿赂。
• alleged irregularities in the election campaign 被指称竞选运动中的不正当行为

9 investigation   

n.调查，调查研究

参考例句：

• In an investigation,a new fact became known, which told against him.在调查中新发现了一件对他不利的事实。
• He drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。

10 aliases   

n.别名，化名( alias的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Can you allow the user to enter aliases for the longer entries? 可以允许用户为过长的文字选择别名吗？ 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓
• The criminal has several aliases. 该罪犯有数个化名。 来自辞典例句

11 anonymous   

adj.无名的；匿名的；无特色的

参考例句：

• Sending anonymous letters is a cowardly act.寄匿名信是懦夫的行为。
• The author wishes to remain anonymous.作者希望姓名不公开。

12 anonymously   

ad.用匿名的方式

参考例句：

• The manuscripts were submitted anonymously. 原稿是匿名送交的。
• Methods A self-administered questionnaire was used to survey 536 teachers anonymously. 方法采用自编“中小学教师职业压力问卷”对536名中小学教师进行无记名调查。

13 hackers   

n.计算机迷( hacker的名词复数 )；私自存取或篡改电脑资料者，电脑“黑客”

参考例句：

• They think of viruses that infect an organization from the outside.They envision hackers breaking into their information vaults. 他们考虑来自外部的感染公司的病毒，他们设想黑客侵入到信息宝库中。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Arranging a meeting with the hackers took weeks againoff-again email exchanges. 通过几星期电子邮件往来安排见面，他们最终同意了。 来自互联网

14 converged   

v.（线条、运动的物体等）会于一点( converge的过去式 )；（趋于）相似或相同；人或车辆汇集；聚集

参考例句：

• Thousands of supporters converged on London for the rally. 成千上万的支持者从四面八方汇聚伦敦举行集会。
• People converged on the political meeting from all parts of the city. 人们从城市的四面八方涌向这次政治集会。 来自《简明英汉词典》

15 lurking   

潜在

参考例句：

• Why are you lurking around outside my house? 你在我房子外面鬼鬼祟祟的，想干什么？
• There is a suspicious man lurking in the shadows. 有一可疑的人躲在阴暗中。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

16 solidarity   

n.团结；休戚相关

参考例句：

• They must preserve their solidarity.他们必须维护他们的团结。
• The solidarity among China's various nationalities is as firm as a rock.中国各族人民之间的团结坚如磐石。

17 inflicted   

把…强加给，使承受，遭受( inflict的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• They inflicted a humiliating defeat on the home team. 他们使主队吃了一场很没面子的败仗。
• Zoya heroically bore the torture that the Fascists inflicted upon her. 卓娅英勇地承受法西斯匪徒加在她身上的酷刑。