[00:00.00]Lesson 10   The People of the United States
[00:26.71](Adapted from  This is America)
[00:31.30]For over 200 years,visitors to the United States have been trying to explain
[00:39.29]what makes Americans different from the people of other countries.
[00:45.10]Few have succeeded,
[00:48.29]because the Uited States is not like every other country in the world.
[00:54.19]It is a nation of nations.
[00:57.98]But who were the earliest Americans?
[01:02.16]And how did the population come to be so mixed?
[01:07.25]The "first Americans" were the Indians.
[01:11.74]At the time of the discovery of America,
[01:16.01]there were about 500 000 of them in the land.
[01:21.89]But when the settlers came,
[01:25.27]they killed many of the Indians and drove the rest to the west.
[01:31.08]After the American Revolution
[01:34.87]people from other countries came in great numbers.
[01:39.55]Unit 1890 most of them came from the countries of northern and western Europe.
[01:47.06]After 1890 the majority of the newcomers came from southern and eastern Europe.
[01:54.96]Not all of the people came to the land of their own free will.
[02:00.05]The poor and unemployed were forced to move from their villages
[02:05.52]and leave for America.
[02:08.90]people in prison for political or religious words and deeds
[02:14.69]were given the choice to stay in prison
[02:18.89]or leave the country for the new land.
[02:22.99]And several thousand African Negroes were brought in to be sold as slaves.
[02:29.78]The newcomers brought with them not only different ways of life,
[02:35.16]but also with something else--willing hands to build railroads,
[02:42.05]dig mines,plow fields,and make steel.
[02:47.83]The United States could not have become a great advanced country
[02:53.42]without the labor of the newcomers.
[02:57.62]Without them,too,the United States would be poorer in art,
[03:03.91]music,theater,and science.
[03:08.59]The United States is truly a nation of nations.
[03:13.58]Americans are proud of it.
[03:17.09]The Latin expression on the Great Seal of the United States reads in English
[03:23.69]"Out of Many,One".
[03:27.29]The meaning of the expression
[03:30.77]is that Americans set up a single national government
[03:36.17]in 1787 by uniting thirteen separated states.
[03:43.66]But the words also have come to mean
[03:47.76]that an American people came out of the peoples of the whole world.
[03:53.86]Words to watch
[04:13.73]explain              nation               population           mix
[04:18.28]v.解释,说明          n.国家,民族          a.人口               v.混合,掺和;混淆
[04:22.82]Indian               discovery            land                 kill
[04:26.98]n.印第安人           n.发现               n.陆地,土地;国土,国家v.杀死,消灭
[04:31.13]drive                west                 western              revolution
[04:35.63]v.驾驶,开动;驱,赶    n.,ad.西,西部,西文   a.西文的,西部的      n.革命
[04:40.13]number               northern             majority             southern
[04:44.58]n.数,数字,号码,数目  a.北方的,北部的      n.多数,过半数        a.南方的,南部的
[04:49.03]free                 employ               unemployed           village
[04:53.68]a.自由的,无约束的    v.雇用               a.失业的             n.村,村庄
[04:58.32]prison               political            religious            deed
[05:02.51]n.监狱               a.政治的             a.宗教的,虔诚的      n.行为,行动
[05:06.70]choice               stay                 bring                slave
[05:10.84]n.选择,选择机会      v.停留,逗留,作客     v.拿来,带来;产生,引起n.奴隶,苦工
[05:14.98]willing              railroad             dig                  mine
[05:19.12]a.自愿的,心甘情愿的  n.铁路               v.挖,掘              n.矿,矿山,矿井
[05:23.26]plough,plow          field                steel
[05:26.65]n.,v.犁;耕           n.原野,田野;领域     n.钢
[05:30.05]advance              advanced             true                 truly
[05:34.49]n.,v.推进,促进;进展  a.先进的,发达的      a.真实,确实;忠实,可靠ad.确实地
[05:38.93]seal                 expression           meaning              single
[05:43.32]n.印章               n.表示,表现;措辞;表情n.意思,意义,含义     a.单身的;单一的
[05:47.71]national             government           separate
[05:51.91]a.国家的,国立,民族的 n.政府,管理,支配     a.分离的,分开的